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Empirical tests of Endogeneity in international stock markets

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  • Samuel Tabot Enow

    (The IIE Varsity College)

Abstract

This study empirically investigates hierarchical endogeneity and shock transmission among three major international stock markets the S&P 500, FTSE 100, and Nikkei 225 from 2010 to 2023. Utilizing a Vector Autoregression framework and Granger causality test, the research examines the direction and strength of cross-market dependencies. The findings reveal a clear, asymmetric structure where the US market acts as the primary exogenous driver, with unidirectional causality flowing from the S&P 500 to both the FTSE 100 and Nikkei 225. A secondary channel of influence from the UK to Japan was also identified. Forecast error variance decomposition confirms the US market's dominance, explaining over 25% of the movements in the UK's financial market and 18.7% of Japan's forecast error variance, while remaining largely insulated from feedback. The findings of this study suggest that international markets are characterized by hierarchical endogeneity, challenging notions of symmetric interdependence and highlighting significant implications for financial stability frameworks making a noteworthy contribution. Key Words: Endogeneity, vector autoregression, financial markets

Suggested Citation

  • Samuel Tabot Enow, 2026. "Empirical tests of Endogeneity in international stock markets," International Journal of Business Ecosystem & Strategy (2687-2293), Bussecon International Academy, vol. 8(1), pages 129-133, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:adi:ijbess:v:8:y:2026:i:1:p:129-133
    DOI: 10.36096/ijbes.v8i1.1096
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