"Made in China 2025": Advances and Debts

The article analyzes the results of the implementation of the "Made in China 2025" program and its role in the catching-up process of China's technological development, as well as the country's transition from a low-price export segment to the production of high-quality goods, from quantity to quality. The author systematizes the prerequisites for the promotion of the Program as a factor in the growth of Chinese art. The progress in achieving the Program is evaluated and unresolved issues are shown. A general description of the significance of the Program's implementation in China's strategy for the development of high-tech industries during import substitution and the achievement of technological sovereignty is given. The role of the Program is revealed in the process of moving away from China's image as a global assembly shop for mass goods using external technologies, as well as in its pursuit of the status of a developing technological power capable of its own innovations and the production of original, high-quality, competitive products. There are internal and external problems and challenges that hinder China's progressive development towards technological leadership. The criticism of Chinese and foreign researchers regarding the tools and the progress of the Program is presented. The prospects for the development of the program in its updated formulation Created in China are revealed. The author concludes that the "Made in China 2025" program is part of the Chinese leadership's strategic vision of the future as it moves from strategic planning to strategic goal setting.