Structural Model for Achieving Technological Sovereignty: Cross-National Analysis

Over the past decade, technology-driven global competition has been steadily intensifying, becoming increasingly integrated into the political, social, and, most importantly, economic systems of the global order. Given the contemporary erosion of globalization trends, particularly stemming from Western nations' actions towards Russia, technological sovereignty is emerging as one of the most promising trends in the world economy. The fundamental objective of this article is to structure the key elements underpinning technological sovereignty and to identify the specific characteristics of their implementation in the most active participating nations in international economic relations: the United States, European Union countries, Russia, and China. The authors' hypothesis posits that if technological sovereignty is a complex and multifaceted category, then all elements of the structural model for its attainment are universal. However, the content and manifestation of these elements may differ depending on the specific developmental characteristics of a territory's economic and technological potential. The scientific novelty of this research lies in the development of an original structural model for achieving technological sovereignty. This model serves as the foundation for conducting a cross-national analysis and identifying country specific economic, political, social, and other contextual features influencing the implementation of technological sovereignty in the United States, the European Union, Russia, and China. Throughout the study the author argue that technological sovereignty acts as a crucial instrument for achieving national strategic objectives, and that the process of its attainment may vary depending on the political course pursued by individual nations.