Interdisciplinary collaboration in contemporary science: Approaches and perspectives

He authors explain a natural connection between diverse principles of academic approaches and their system analogs. The authors suggest usage of general classification of scientific approaches different by identification features, functional peculiarities and optimal scopes of application, but relative due to the found connection. General classification forms a basis for clarification of meaning of academic and system approaches and consciously use of right terms within one semantic field of scientific cognition. Ordering of scientific approaches within such a classification allows rationalizing a wide variety of interdisciplinary collaborative works in contemporary science. Special attention is given to the classification of systematic approaches. As a classification criterion, worldview and interpretation of the concept “system†that underlie in the basis of the appropriate approach are used. The assumption is justified that certain types of systematic approaches have different dependence on the decisions of general philosophical problems of system research. It is shown that the emergence of systems thinking paradoxes is peculiar only to those types of systems approaches which are organically linked with the object of research with its knowledge as a certain integrity (generalized subjective characteristics of the research object which has a complex internal structure) and the whole (generalized object identification attribute). For systematic approaches, which connect the object of research with its knowledge as a one (objective start of any systematic set), paradoxes of systems thinking are replaced by the imperatives and maxims manifested not only in the structure of the system of disciplinary knowledge, but also in the nature of external and internal interactions of the object as a fragment of One orderly medium.