Formation of Technopolises: The Importance of Preferential Regimes in the Scientific and Technological Development of Russian Regions

The relevance of the research topic stems from the problems of scientific and technological progress of the regions, their significant differentiation in the level of development of science, innovation and technology, often low efficiency of some types of preferential regimes to stimulate scientific and technological growth in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The purpose of the article is to study the possibilities of establishing technopolises to boost scientific and technological development of Russian regions using preferential regimes. To achieve the goal of the study, the authors set and solved the following tasks: analysis of the influence of preferential regimes on the scientific and technological development of regions; study of the problems of the effectiveness of preferential regimes in the scientific and technological sphere; identification of factors of the regional environment contributing to the establsihment of technopolises; determining criteria for the creation of technopolises; analysis of the possibility of preferential regimes operating in the territory along with other factors, to contribute to the creation of a technopolis (using the example of Veliky Novgorod, Novgorod Region). The information and analytical base consisted of the analysis of data on the functioning of preferential regimes, factors of the regional environment stimulating the development of science, innovation and high technologies. The study results introduce the following: 1) the author’s vision of a modern Russian technopolis city combining preferential regimes, research and technological potential, an active role of the university, and historical prerequisites of the territory for the agglomeration of high-tech industries; 2) positive results and problems of the efficiency of preferential regimes in the scientific and technological sphere; 3) the reasons for the inefficiency of preferential regimes; 4) the significance of using the technopolis concept for scientific and technological development of regions in the context of searching for approaches to the formation of knowledge-intensive territories; 5) the criteria for identifying technopolises, as well as the factors of the regional environment that contribute to their development; 6) the possibilities and prospects for the establishment of a technopolis in a city with a certain set of prerequisites, and the main elements of the «technopolis wheel» of Veliky Novgorod. The study contributes to the development of the technopolis concept, regional and municipal economy.