Institutions of catch-up and advanced development: organizational resistance, phases of scientific and technological development, and designing future needs

The article explores the phenomenon of development institutions focused on the scientific and industrial sphere. In different periods of time, they have played a crucial role in the accelerated formation of structures adequate to the challenges of the time.The purpose of the article is to identify the problems of Russian development institutions and to develop directions for their transformation.Development institutions are heterogeneous: they can be both formal and informal, as well as aimed at catching up or advancing development. Domestic development institutions are facing the need for a qualitative change in their business model.The activity of innovation activities is directly dependent on the state of the sales markets: a long-term positive market situation reduces the risks of introducing new products, which activates research and inventive processes. The inventive process is presented in the article in the form of five phases: the actual invention of technology, the assessment of suitability for production, recognition of value by the market and recognition by interest groups. Each subsequent phase is characterized by increasing organizational resistance.The emergence and rapid development of unmanned aerial vehicles shows that a new product can appear at the intersection of development lines of different-quality products, incorporating their best properties and creating a fundamentally new product.According to the author, it is necessary to design future needs, taking into account interest groups, but not the interests of consumers. For this purpose, it is necessary to formalize a new type of participant in the scientific and technical sphere – an innovative designer.