Metabolomic Profiling and Bioactivity Evaluation of Plant Resins

The presentstudywasconducted to evaluate the phytochemical and antimicrobial potential of local plant resins including Kiker (Acacianilotica), Phulai (Acacia modesta), Gond babool (Acacia arabica),and Aloo bukhara (Prunus domestica) collected from Haripur district. Ten-gram powder of the sample is mixed with 50 mL of 70% methanol and extracted by using ultrasonicationfor 30 minutes. The mixture was filtered and concentrated in a rotary evaporator till 2 mL remained. Samples were diluted with methanol (70%) and were analyzed in triplicates. The results indicated that phenolic compounds increase by heating as compared to raw resin extract. Aloo Bukhara resin showed a higher amount of 8.33 mg/g while Gond babool had7.21 mg/g, Phulai had5.73 mg/g and Kiker had4.61 mg/g total phenolics respectively. Total flavonoid content decreases in microwave heating. Resin extracts have higher radical scavenging activity when it is not heated. Kiker hasthe highest radical scavenging activity i. e. 80% while Phulai has69.99%, Gond babool has74% and Plum has75%. Moreover, heating results ina decrease in antioxidant activity with the time difference. In microwave heating, Gond babool showed higher activity i. e. 73% for 1 min., 71% for 2 min.,and 57% for 3 min. as compared to other resins. Antimicrobial activity results showed that Kiker resin hasagreater zone diameter against E. coli and S. aureus as compared to the rest of the varieties. Heat treatments increased the activity in Phulai and Aloo bukhara resins while decreasingin Babool resin against different bacterial isolates. All the selected resins have a good numberof phytochemicals as well as antimicrobial activity. Industries use theseplantresin extractsas antioxidantsand antimicrobialsin many food and other products because of theirnatural source and easy availability having health-beneficial attributes as well as their potential to improve product structure as a gum base.