Entrepreneurship and economic growth: some empirical evidence

The entrepreneurship of small business has been almost unanimously viewed as beneficial for the social and economic life in different countries and regions. This paper aims to answer the following research question: in Brazil, do varying rates of entrepreneurship across regions affect economic performance? The paper investigates the effects of entrepreneurial activity on economic growth and unemployment rate in 853 municipalities in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Entrepreneurship rate of a municipality is the proportion of self-employment in the work force. Its impact on the growth of GDP and unemployment is analyzed by the methodology of multiple regression models. The empirical results reveal a robust association between entrepreneurship and unemployment: the higher the entrepreneurial activity of the municipality, the lowest the unemployment rate. But the influence of entrepreneurship on the local economic growth is also negative: where there was more entrepreneurial activity in 2000, GDP growth was smaller the following three years. The interpretation of these results leads us to the discussion of entrepreneurship by necessity that characterizes major part of the entrepreneurial activity in Brazil.