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Distribution of Inheritance among Males and Females: Criteria and Rationale توزيع الميراث بين الذكور والإناث بحث عن الضابط والحكمة

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  • Rafiq Yunus Al-Masri

    (Centre for Research in Islamic Economics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia)

Abstract

In some cases inheritance distribution gives males double the share of females but in some other situations the male/female shares are equal. The rationale for different shares is provided by different financial burdens on the two. It is not based on any difference in human dignity in which male arid female are always equal. Equality in shares comes when the shares themselves are small. Some earlier scholars thought it occurs when the heirs are related to the deceased through a female from another family. I find equality in shares whenever the shares are one sixth (1/6), which is the lowest share in one of the two series of shares. Preference to male by doubling his share compared to that of female seems to be the rule, whereas equality of shares appears as an exception. There are no other rules governing male/female shares in inheritance when they inherit according to prescribed ratios or as residual claimants through male lineage. The paper establishes these points in the light of arguments and demonstrates that there is no role for prejudice and whims in the distribution of wealth between the two sexes. هناك حالات في الميراث يكون فيها للذكر مثل حظ الأنثيين ، وحالات أخرى يكون فيها للذكر مثل حظ الأنثى. وحكمة الاختلاف بينهما في الميراث تقوم على الاختلاف بينهما في الأعباء المالية ، لا في الكرامة الإنسانية، أما حكمة التسوية فتقوم ، في نظري ، على أساس انخفاض النسبة ، وفي نظر بعض العلماء السابقين على أساس انتماء الورثة إلى الميت بواسطة انثى (من عائلة أخرى). والضابط عندي أن هناك تسوية كلما كانت النسبة هي السدس ، وهي النسبة الدنيا في إحدى سلسلتي الفروض الإرثية. ويبدو أن قاعدة المفاضلة بين الذكر والأنثى ، بمقدار المثلين ، هي الأصل في الميراث ، وأن قاعدة التسوية بالمثل هي الاستثناء . وليست هناك قواعد أخرى للذكر والأنثى ، إذا كان إرثهما بالفرض وحده ، أو بالتعصيب وحده. كل ذلك بأدلة مبينة في هذا البحث المرتبط بتوزيع الثروات بين الجنسين توزيعاً عادلا مبرأ من الهوى والتحيز والاستئثار.

Suggested Citation

  • Rafiq Yunus Al-Masri, 1993. "Distribution of Inheritance among Males and Females: Criteria and Rationale توزيع الميراث بين الذكور والإناث بحث عن الضابط والحكمة," Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Islamic Economics, King Abdulaziz University, Islamic Economics Institute., vol. 5(1), pages 39-59, January.
  • Handle: RePEc:abd:kauiea:v:5:y:1993:i:1:no:8:p:39-59
    DOI: 10.4197/islec.5-1.8
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