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Gharar Management in Islamic Insurance إدارة الغرر في التأمين التعاوني

Author

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  • AbdulRahim A. Al-Saati

    (Islamic Economic Research Center King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.)

Abstract

Risk can be managed by measuring and evaluating it, and by choosing the right risk management instruments, risk can be reduced and adjust to it, Gharar is kind of risk, it can also be managed as well, it can be pooled to distribute its outcome among the participants, and by choosing the sharing contract among the participants in Islamic insurance arrangement, Gharar in Islamic insurance will be reduced to an acceptable level, Jurists (Fuqaha) used to stipulate conditions to reduce Gharar to the acceptable level. بما أنه يمكن إدارة الخطر بتحديد وتقويم الخطر واختيار وإدارة التقنيات والصيغ القانونية للتكيف والتعامل معه، يمكن إدارة الغرر، وهو نوع من الخطر، في عقود المعاوضات، وذلك باستخدام وسائل تخفيف الغرر تجميعه في مجمع وتوزيع أعباءه على مجموع المعرضين لهذا الخطر، واستخدام الطرق الإحصائية لتقليل حجم هذا الغرر وقياسه والتنبؤ به، كما يمكن استخدام الصيغ التعاقدية الفقهية مثل عقد المشاركة في تحمل الغرر التي تسمح بوجود الغرر في العقود، وفي الأدبيات الفقهية وجدنا بعض المدارس الفقهية تضع بعض الشروط التي تجعل الغرر غير فاحش، وبتطبيق ذلك في عقد التأمين التعاوني نجد مقدار الغرر في العقد ليس فاحشا، وذلك بسبب تجميع المخاطر التي تصيب البعض، إذ يؤدي التجميع إلى تخفيف الخطر أو الغرر، كما يؤدي مشاركة الجميع في تحملها إلى تحويل عقد التأمين إلى عقد مشاركة يجوز الغرر فيه كما يجوز في بقية عقود المشاركات.

Suggested Citation

  • AbdulRahim A. Al-Saati, 2010. "Gharar Management in Islamic Insurance إدارة الغرر في التأمين التعاوني," Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Islamic Economics, King Abdulaziz University, Islamic Economics Institute., vol. 23(2), pages 85-123, July.
  • Handle: RePEc:abd:kauiea:v:23:y:2010:i:2:no:3:p:85-123
    DOI: 10.4197/islec.23-2.3
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