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Origin and Development of Commercial and Islamic Banking Operations أصل وتطور العمليات المصرفية التجارية والإسلامية

Author

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  • Abdelkader Husain Chachi

    (Islamic Economics Research Centre King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.)

Abstract

Banking is often considered by most economists as a modern device of recent origin (12th Century AD Italy), but a glance, at the origin and development of financial operations throughout history, will dispel the notion of novelty as we can see from this paper. The purpose of this paper is: •Firstly, to show that banking operations were practised by almost all known early civilizations, long before 12th Century AD Italy; •Secondly, to prove that Islam not only allowed but encouraged such operations on a scale which surpassed anything known before; •Thirdly, to show that the Italian bankers learnt these operations from the Muslim, Christian and Jewish traders of the Muslim world with whom they had long and strong commercial relationships between the 10th and 12th centuries AD; and •Finally, to trace the origin and development of what is known as 'Islamic banking'. معظم الاقتصاديين يعتبرون أن الصيرفة أداة عصرية حديثة النشأة (أي يعتقدون أنها أول ما ظهرت، ظهرت في إيطاليا في القرن 12 الميلادي)، ولكن بإلقاء نظرة سريعة على أصل وتطور العمليات المالية عبر التاريخ، تتبدد فكرة الحداثة، كما سنرى من خلال هذا البحث. الهدف من هذا البحث هو: •أولا: التدليل على أن العمليات المصرفية كانت مطبقة في كل الحضارات القديمة المعروفة، قبل إيطاليا القرن الثاني عشر الميلادي. •ثانيا: إثبات أن الإسلام لم يسمح فقط بهذه العمليات، وإنما شجعها وطورها إلى حد فاق كل ما كان معروفا عنها من قبل. •ثالثا: إظهار أن الصيارفة الإيطاليين تعلموا هذه العمليات من مواطني الخلافة الإسلامية من مسلمين ومسيحيين ويهود، الذين كانت تربطهم بهم علاقات تجارية قوية بين القرنين العاشر، والثاني عشر الميلاديين. •وأخيرًا، تتبع أصل وتطور ما يسمى بالبنوك الإسلامية الحديثة.

Suggested Citation

  • Abdelkader Husain Chachi, 2008. "Origin and Development of Commercial and Islamic Banking Operations أصل وتطور العمليات المصرفية التجارية والإسلامية," Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Islamic Economics, King Abdulaziz University, Islamic Economics Institute., vol. 21(2), pages 29-66, July.
  • Handle: RePEc:abd:kauiea:v:21:y:2008:i:2:no:7:p:29-66
    DOI: 10.4197/islec.21-2.7
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