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Basic Needs and Income Level in Muslim Countries الحاجات الأساسية ومستوى الدخل في الدول الإسلامية

Author

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  • ABD AL-MAHMOUD M. ABD AL-RAHMAN

    (Prof., Dept. of Economics, King Saud University Riyadh, Saudi Arabia)

Abstract

Would Muslim countries' interest in satisfying the basic needs of their citizens have a negative impact on income level, as asserted by critics of Basic Needs approach? This paper addresses the question empirically by selecting a sample of 19 Muslim countries and taking for the years 1970-1990 a set of social indicators related to fulfillment of basic needs, including life expectancy at birth, infant mortality and primary education. Included also are some economic indicators such as investment to income ratio and the volume of external trade. Several models were used, including single country time-series and pooled regressions. The overall conclusion of our econometric analysis is that fulfillment of basic needs has no clear negative impact on per capita income level. The best variables explaining that level were infant mortality and primary education ( among the social variables) and investment ( among the economic variables). These conclusions underscore the contention of no conflict between rapid economic growth and need fulfillment, and support an earlier conclusion by Dr. AL-Habeeb for Pakistan and Morocco. هل اهتمام الدول الإسلامية بتلبية الحاجات الأساسية لمواطنيها يؤثر سلباً على مستوى الدخل كما يدعي منتقدو نظرية الحاجات الأساسية ؟ تسعى هذه الدراسة التطبيقية إلى الإجابة عن هذا السؤال باختيار عينة من 19 دولة إسلامية ، وأخذ مجموعة مؤشرات فيها للفترة 1970 ـ 1990م بعضها مؤشرات اجتماعية تعبر عن مدى تلبية الحاجات الاساسية وتراكم رأس المال البشري ، وتشمل العمر المتوقع عند الولادة ، ومعدل وفيات الأطفال ومدى انتشار التعليم الابتدائي فضلا عن مؤشرات اقتصادية شملت نسبة الاستثمار إلى الدخل ، وحجم التجارة الخارجية . وقد استخدمنا نماذج متعددة بعضها مفرد لكل دولة وبعضا مجمع لجملة دول ، وخلصت التحليلات القياسية التي أجريناها إلى أن تلبية الحاجات الأساسية ليس لها تأثير سلبي واضح على مستوى متوسط دخل الفرد . وكان أفضل المتغيرات أداء في تفسير هذا الدخل : وفيات المواليد ، والتعليم الابتدائي من بين المتغيرات الاجتماعية ، والاستثمار من بين المتغيرات الاقتصادية . وهذه النتائج تؤكد عدم وجود تضارب بين النمو الاقتصادي السريع وهدف تلبية الاحتياجات الأساسية ، وتؤيد ما توصل إليه د. الحبيب من نتائج في عينته المختصرة لكل من الباكستان والمغرب .

Suggested Citation

  • Abd Al-Mahmoud M. Abd Al-Rahman, 2001. "Basic Needs and Income Level in Muslim Countries الحاجات الأساسية ومستوى الدخل في الدول الإسلامية," Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Islamic Economics, King Abdulaziz University, Islamic Economics Institute., vol. 13(1), pages 3-24, January.
  • Handle: RePEc:abd:kauiea:v:13:y:2001:i:1:no:6:p:3-24
    DOI: 10.4197/islec.13-1.6
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