Biosensors with tilted fiber Bragg gratings for virus detection

Optoelectronic technologies play a crucial role in medical diagnostics, especially in the detection of viruses. Infectious diseases caused by viruses pose a serious threat to humanity, as they can spread rapidly, leading to significant loss of life. Early diagnosis of viral diseases not only increases the chances of rapid recovery but also helps prevent the spread of infections. Significant efforts are currently being made to develop devices that enable rapid and accurate diagnosis of viruses and viral infections. For these purposes, fiber-optic biosensors based on Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBG) are used, which are essential tools for the simultaneous detection of multiple viruses. FBGs are becoming increasingly attractive for medical applications due to their unique properties, such as small size, biocompatibility, immunity to electromagnetic interference, high sensitivity, and multiplexing capabilities. Among the popular configurations of fiber-optic sensors are sensors based on Tilted Fiber Bragg Gratings (TFBG), which possess numerous unique features suitable for diagnostics and medical research. This article provides a brief overview of the principles of operation, manufacturing methods, characteristics, and practical implementations of TFBGs with a tilt angle of less than 100 degrees relative to the fiber axis. These sensors demonstrate high sensitivity and specificity in detecting viruses, making them promising tools for rapid and accurate diagnosis of viral infections. Particular attention is given to analyzing their capabilities and advantages in biomedical applications.