Expanding the intelligence web model to address collaborative challenges in Indonesia

This study aims to propose an expansion of Gill and Phythian [2] Intelligence Web Model by introducing the Collaborative Intelligence Model, a framework adapted to Indonesia's fragmented intelligence structure and democratic context. Key innovations include the addition of a dedicated Collaboration Space, the separation of internal and external control mechanisms, and the integration of dual protective layers: secrecy and trust, and counterintelligence. Employing a constructivist paradigm, the study draws on twenty in-depth interviews with intelligence committee members, practitioners, academics, and oversight bodies. Findings reveal that Indonesian agencies operate under varying models, often without formalized planning, dedicated analysts, or standardized cycles, leading to redundancy, competition, and information politicization. The proposed model emphasizes shared planning, joint analysis through fusion centers, performance-based incentives, and a centralized intelligence memory to streamline coordination. By institutionalizing collaboration while safeguarding accountability and civil liberties, the Collaborative Intelligence Model offers a viable solution to the operational fragmentation and politicization of intelligence. Although developed for the Indonesian context, the model contributes broader theoretical insights for intelligence reform in democracies navigating multi-agency coordination. Further validation through comparative and quantitative studies is recommended.