Transforming healthcare leadership: A competency-based model for nurse managers using Straussian grounded theory

The study aimed to explore the core competencies of nurse managers and understand their leadership experiences, with the goal of developing a grounded theory model that reflects the key skills needed in today’s healthcare settings. A qualitative grounded theory approach was used, employing constant comparative analysis of data gathered through semi-structured interviews with 30 nurse managers from DOH-accredited public and private hospitals in Batangas. Participants were selected through purposive quota sampling. Data were coded and analyzed to identify emerging themes related to leadership competencies. The study found that nurse managers possess various strengths across six core areas: managerial, clinical, technological, communicative, collaborative, and specialized competencies. Most participants showed a strong commitment to continuous learning, decision-making, and supporting staff and patients. However, many lacked formal leadership training or postgraduate qualifications. Leadership skills were often developed informally, and there were differences in readiness and approach. The model developed in the study reflects how these six competencies work together and are needed for nurse managers to lead effectively in healthcare institutions. Developing a clear framework for nurse manager competencies can help hospitals, nursing organizations, and education providers improve leadership development. This study highlights the importance of building well-rounded nurse leaders through structured training, mentorship, and academic preparation. Hospitals and nursing groups should use this model to train, hire, and develop nurse leaders. Those strong in all six competencies are better prepared to lead teams, improve care, and handle evolving healthcare demands.