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Corruption as a Push and Pull Factor of Migration Flows : Evidence from European Countries

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  • Bernini,Andrea
  • Bossavie,Laurent Loic Yves
  • Garrote Sanchez,Daniel
  • Makovec,Mattia

Abstract

Conclusive evidence on the relationship between corruption and migration has remained scant in the literature to date. Using data from 2008 to 2018 on bilateral migration flows across European Union and European Free Trade Association countries and four measures of corruption, this paper shows that corruption acts as both a push factor and a pull factor for migration patterns. Based on a gravity model, a one-unit increase in the corruption level in the origin country is associated with a 11 percent increase in out-migration. The same one-unit increase in the destination country is associated with a 10 percent decline in in-migration.

Suggested Citation

  • Bernini,Andrea & Bossavie,Laurent Loic Yves & Garrote Sanchez,Daniel & Makovec,Mattia, 2023. "Corruption as a Push and Pull Factor of Migration Flows : Evidence from European Countries," Policy Research Working Paper Series 10566, The World Bank.
  • Handle: RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:10566
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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • D73 - Microeconomics - - Analysis of Collective Decision-Making - - - Bureaucracy; Administrative Processes in Public Organizations; Corruption
    • F22 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - International Migration
    • R23 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Household Analysis - - - Regional Migration; Regional Labor Markets; Population

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