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Fraud and Poverty: Exploring Ex Ante Victim Data

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  • Yoshito Takasaki

Abstract

Fraud studies rely on potentially underreported/misreported victim data in developed countries, virtually ignoring developing countries. This paper proposes using ex ante victim data, to be collected before attempted victims become aware of the fraudulence, and examines recruitment fraud, which is tightly linked with poverty. In rural Fiji, almost one quarter of households were defrauded of application fees for labor migration. The bigger problem is indirect costs: Controlling for victim endogeneity reveals that households' false expectations about international remittances led to a significant reduction in the domestic private transfers victims received. The analysis sharply identifies who was victimized and why/why not.

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Bibliographic Info

Paper provided by Economics, Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Tsukuba in its series Tsukuba Economics Working Papers with number 2011-002.

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Date of creation: Feb 2011
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Handle: RePEc:tsu:tewpjp:2011-002

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Postal: 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571
Web page: http://www.econ.tsukuba.ac.jp/
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  1. Cox, Donald & Fafchamps, Marcel, 2008. "Extended Family and Kinship Networks: Economic Insights and Evolutionary Directions," Handbook of Development Economics, Elsevier.
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  3. Cox, Donald, 1987. "Motives for Private Income Transfers," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 95(3), pages 508-46, June.
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  5. Juarez, Laura, 2009. "Crowding out of private support to the elderly: Evidence from a demogrant in Mexico," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 93(3-4), pages 454-463, April.
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  7. Fafchamps, Marcel & Minten, Bart, 2006. "Crime, Transitory Poverty, and Isolation: Evidence from Madagascar," Economic Development and Cultural Change, University of Chicago Press, vol. 54(3), pages 579-603, April.
  8. Mehlum,H. & Moene,K.O. & Torvik,R., 1999. "Crime induced poverty traps," Memorandum 35/1999, Oslo University, Department of Economics.
  9. Mikkel Barslund & John Rand & Finn Tarp & Jacinto Chiconela, 2005. "Understanding Victimization: The Case of Mozambique," Discussion Papers 05-17, University of Copenhagen. Department of Economics.
  10. Rapoport, Hillel & Docquier, Frederic, 2006. "The Economics of Migrants' Remittances," Handbook on the Economics of Giving, Reciprocity and Altruism, Elsevier.
  11. Anderson, David A, 1999. "The Aggregate Burden of Crime," Journal of Law and Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 42(2), pages 611-42, October.
  12. Yoshito Takasaki, 2010. "Groups, Networks, and Hierarchy in Household Private Transfers: Evidence from Fiji," Tsukuba Economics Working Papers 2010-004, Economics, Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Tsukuba.
  13. Leigh Linden & Jonah E. Rockoff, 2008. "Estimates of the Impact of Crime Risk on Property Values from Megan's Laws," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 98(3), pages 1103-27, June.
  14. Lloyd-Ellis, Huw & Marceau, Nicolas, 2003. "Endogenous insecurity and economic development," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 72(1), pages 1-29, October.
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