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The Market Structure of Nasdaq Dealer Markets and Quoting Conventions

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Author Info
Joe Chen (Faculty of Economics, University of Tokyo)
Abstract

The well-publicized Christie-Schultz collusion hypothesis provides an experiment for studying the determinants of market structure in Nasdaq markets. Some markets experienced substantial compression in the profit margins for market makers due to the change of quoting convention from odd-eighth avoidance to the use of the full spectrum of eighths. Contrary to what competitive theory predicts, the empirical results suggest that this change led to net entry of market makers, after controlling for a time fixed effect, trading activity, information aspects of trading, market size, volatility, and unobserved individual market effects. Moreover, the robustness and significance of this finding do not change as different estimation methods are employed to correct for possible self-selection bias of the estimated average treatment effect. Surprisingly, dealer firms entered these markets despite the compression of profit margins. An explanation is provided based on collusion and investment in entry deterrence related to the practice of ``preferencing".

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Paper provided by CIRJE, Faculty of Economics, University of Tokyo in its series CIRJE F-Series with number CIRJE-F-357.

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Length: 52 pages
Date of creation: Aug 2005
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Handle: RePEc:tky:fseres:2005cf357

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  1. Christie, William G & Harris, Jeffrey H & Schultz, Paul H, 1994. " Why Did NASDAQ Market Makers Stop Avoiding Odd-Eighth Quotes?," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 49(5), pages 1841-60, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  9. Christie, William G. & Schultz, Paul H., 1999. "The initiation and withdrawal of odd-eighth quotes among Nasdaq stocks: an empirical analysis," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 52(3), pages 409-442, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  18. Klock, Mark & McCormick, D Timothy, 1999. "The Impact of Market Maker Competition on Nasdaq Spreads," The Financial Review, Eastern Finance Association, vol. 34(4), pages 55-73, November.
  19. Meyer, Bruce D, 1995. "Natural and Quasi-experiments in Economics," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, American Statistical Association, vol. 13(2), pages 151-61, April.
    Other versions:
  20. Kluger, Brian D. & Wyatt, Steve B., 2002. "Preferencing, Internalization of Order Flow, and Tacit Collusion: Evidence from Experiments," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 37(03), pages 449-469, September. [Downloadable!]
  21. Kandel, Eugene & Marx, Leslie M., 1997. "Nasdaq market structure and spread patterns," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 45(1), pages 61-89, July. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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