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Key factors and barriers to the adoption of cold ironing in europe

Author

Listed:
  • Giulia Arduino

    (Dipartimento di Economia e Metodi Quantitativi, Università degli Studi di Genova)

  • David G. Carrillo Murillo

    (Institut für Wirtschaftspolitik und Wirtschaftsforschung, Karslruhe Institute of Technology (KIT))

  • David G. Claudio Ferrari

    (Dipartimento di Economia e Metodi Quantitativi, Università degli Studi di Genova)

Abstract

The first cases of successful implementation of cold ironing can be found in Alaska about twenty years ago. In that case, the energy cost was lower than in Europe where cold ironing has been developed only in the latest years at few ports. The present paper investigates the innovative process of cold ironing at European level. Firstly, its recent development in Europe is documented as well as the main concern of its corresponding legislation. Then, the adoption of this initiative by the “green ports” concept is discussed. Secondly, the technical barriers, such as lack of standardization of electricity parameters are mentioned. And given that port electrical infrastructure needed onshore represents a huge investment that not all ports are financially able to do, the financial problematic is treated explicitly taking into account the cost of energy at ports (directly provided by electric centrals or converted) against the energy cost onboard. Finally, conclusions are drawn covering the main barriers confronted by this technology and the future premises of cold ironing at European ports considering the social and environmental benefits in terms of air and noise pollution.

Suggested Citation

  • Giulia Arduino & David G. Carrillo Murillo & David G. Claudio Ferrari, 2011. "Key factors and barriers to the adoption of cold ironing in europe," Working Papers 11_15, SIET Società Italiana di Economia dei Trasporti e della Logistica, revised 2011.
    • Handle: RePEc:sit:wpaper:11_15
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Kevin Cullinane & Sharon Cullinane, 2013. "Atmospheric Emissions from Shipping: The Need for Regulation and Approaches to Compliance," Transport Reviews, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 33(4), pages 377-401, July.
    2. Zis, Thalis P.V., 2019. "Prospects of cold ironing as an emissions reduction option," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 119(C), pages 82-95.
    3. Jon Williamsson & Nicole Costa & Vendela Santén & Sara Rogerson, 2022. "Barriers and Drivers to the Implementation of Onshore Power Supply—A Literature Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-16, May.
    4. Theo E. Notteboom & Hercules E. Haralambides, 2020. "Port management and governance in a post-COVID-19 era: quo vadis?," Maritime Economics & Logistics, Palgrave Macmillan;International Association of Maritime Economists (IAME), vol. 22(3), pages 329-352, September.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    cold ironing; energy cost; technology barrier; European ports; environmenta;
    All these keywords.

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