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Tobacco Substitution and the Poor

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Author Info
Steven F. Koch () (Department of Economics, University of Pretoria)
Gauthier Tshiswaka-Kashalala () (Department of Transportation, South Africa)

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Abstract

Tobacco control policies have effectively raised the price of cigarettes and other tobacco products. However, these price increases have been shown to disproportionately fall upon poorer households, with fewer resources. In this analysis, we provide an initial indication of the effect increased prices might have on household allocations, by considering substitution and complementation related to tobacco consumption. Our results show substitution between tobacco and most household consumption items, although elasticities tend to be highest amongst the poorest households.

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Publisher Info
Paper provided by University of Pretoria, Department of Economics in its series Working Papers with number 200832.

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Length: 34 pages
Date of creation: Oct 2008
Date of revision:
Handle: RePEc:pre:wpaper:200832

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Related research
Keywords: Crowd-out; Crowd-in; 3SLS; Tobacco Substitution Elasticity;

Other versions of this item:

Find related papers by JEL classification:
D12 - Microeconomics - - Household Behavior - - - Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis
C32 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions

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References listed on IDEAS
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  1. Van der Berg, Servaas & Louw, Megan & Burger, Ronelle, 2007. "Post-Apartheid South Africa: Poverty and Distribution Trends in an Era of Globalization," MPRA Paper 9065, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  2. Rijo John, 2006. "Crowding-out effect of tobacco expenditure and its implications on intra-household resource allocation," Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai Working Papers 2006-002, Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai, India. [Downloadable!]
  3. Frederic Vermeulen, 2003. "Do smokers behave differently? A tale of zero expenditures and separability concepts," Economics Bulletin, Economics Bulletin, vol. 4(6), pages 1-7. [Downloadable!]
  4. Deaton, Angus S & Ruiz-Castillo, Javier & Thomas, Duncan, 1989. "The Influence of Household Composition on Household Expenditure Patterns: Theory and Spanish Evidence," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 97(1), pages 179-200, February. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  5. Olufunke A. Alaba & Steven F. Koch, 2008. "Health Insurance or Food for the Family? An Examination into Unintended Consequences," Working Papers 200824, University of Pretoria, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
  6. Corné Van walbeek, 2006. "Industry Responses To The Tobacco Excise Tax Increases In South Africa," South African Journal of Economics, Economic Society of South Africa, vol. 74(1), pages 110-122, 03. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  7. Yatchew, Adonis & Sun, Yiguo & Deri, Catherine, 2003. "Efficient Estimation of Semiparametric Equivalence Scales with Evidence from South Africa," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, American Statistical Association, vol. 21(2), pages 247-57, April.
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  9. Matthew C. Farrelly & Jeremy W. Bray & Terry Pechacek & Trevor Woollery, 2001. "Response by Adults to Increases in Cigarette Prices by Sociodemographic Characteristics," Southern Economic Journal, Southern Economic Association, vol. 68(1), pages 156-165, July.
  10. Christopher F Baum & Mark E. Schaffer & Steven Stillman, 2007. "Enhanced routines for instrumental variables/GMM estimation and testing," CERT Discussion Papers 0706, Centre for Economic Reform and Transformation, Heriot Watt University. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  11. William N. Evans & Jeanne S. Ringel & Diana Stech, 1999. "Tobacco Taxes and Public Policy to Discourage Smoking," NBER Chapters, in: Tax Policy and the Economy, volume 13, pages 1-56 National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!]
  12. Marc Ground & Steven f Koch, 2008. "Hurdle Models Of Alcohol And Tobacco Expenditure In South African Households," South African Journal of Economics, Economic Society of South Africa, vol. 76(1), pages 132-143, 03. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  13. Deaton, Angus S & Muellbauer, John, 1980. "An Almost Ideal Demand System," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 70(3), pages 312-26, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  14. Greg Colman & Dahlia K. Remler, 2004. "Vertical Equity Consequences of Very High Cigarette Tax Increases: If the Poor are the Ones Smoking, How Could Cigarette Tax Increases be Progressive?," NBER Working Papers 10906, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  15. Lance, Peter M. & Akin, John S. & Dow, William H. & Loh, Chung-Ping, 2004. "Is cigarette smoking in poorer nations highly sensitive to price?: Evidence from Russia and China," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 23(1), pages 173-189, January. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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