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Strengthening Skill use and School-to-work Transitions in the Czech Republic

Author

Listed:
  • Sónia Araújo

    (OECD)

  • Petr Maleček

Abstract

The education system has reacted slowly to changes in labour market needs, leading to an increasing number of school leavers without sufficient qualification. In addition, declining PISA scores and a rising share of low achievers are raising concerns about the quality of the future labour force. These factors play a role in the stalled income convergence process. Indeed, practices such as early tracking, streaming and low transferability between academic tracks hamper employability, human capital accumulation and social mobility. In the vocational education and training system, resources continue to be allocated on a historical basis. A more endogenous adjustment of the system to better align students’ qualifications with labour market needs requires active participation of social partners, students and education institutions. The rapid expansion of tertiary education without a corresponding increase in resources has led to fears about declining quality. Quality in tertiary education can be fostered by modifying the accreditation system, introducing student fees, strengthening the links with the private sector and foreign research networks and publicising information on labour market outcomes by field of study and higher education institution. Measures to better balance family and work lives can improve career options for women and therefore reduce the current tensions between having children and full time labour market participation of younger women. This could also ease the coming labour shortages associated with population ageing. This Working Paper relates to the 2014 OECD Economic Review of the Czech Republic (www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/economic-survey-czech-republic.htm). Renforcer l'utilisation des compétences et faciliter le passage de l'ecole à la vie active dans la République Tchèque Le système éducatif a réagi lentement aux changements des besoins du marché du travail, ce qui a conduit à une augmentation du nombre de jeunes quittant l'enseignement sans qualification suffisante. En outre, la baisse des résultats PISA et la proportion croissante d’élèves avec une faible performance soulèvent des inquiétudes quant à la qualité de la main-d'oeuvre future. Ces facteurs jouent un rôle dans le processus stagnant de convergence des revenus. En effet, des pratiques telles que l'orientation précoce des élèves, le regroupement par aptitude et l’insuffisance de passerelles entre les voies scolaires entravent l'employabilité, l'accumulation de capital humain et la mobilité sociale. Dans le système d'enseignement et formation professionnels, les ressources continuent d'être allouées sur une base historique. Un ajustement plus endogène du système afin de mieux harmoniser les qualifications des étudiants avec les besoins du marché du travail exige la participation active des partenaires sociaux, des étudiants et des établissements d’enseignement. L'expansion rapide de l'enseignement supérieur sans l’augmentation correspondante des ressources a conduit à des craintes de baisse de la qualité. La qualité dans l'enseignement supérieur peut être favorisée par la modification du système d'accréditation, l'introduction de frais de scolarité, le renforcement des liens avec le secteur privé et les réseaux de recherche étrangers et la publication d’informations sur le marché du travail par domaine d'études et établissement d'enseignement supérieur. Des mesures pour trouver un meilleur équilibre entre la vie de famille et le travail peuvent améliorer les options de carrière pour les femmes et réduire les tensions actuelles entre le choix d'avoir des enfants et la participation à temps pleins au marché du travail des jeunes femmes. Ceci pourrait également soulager la pénurie de main-d'oeuvre à venir liée au vieillissement de la population. Ce document de travail se rapporte à l'Étude Économique de l'OCDE de la République Tchèque 2014 (www.oecd.org/fr/eco/etudes/etude-economique-republique-tcheque.htm).

Suggested Citation

  • Sónia Araújo & Petr Maleček, 2015. "Strengthening Skill use and School-to-work Transitions in the Czech Republic," OECD Economics Department Working Papers 1206, OECD Publishing.
  • Handle: RePEc:oec:ecoaaa:1206-en
    DOI: 10.1787/5js1pz2xnm6b-en
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    Keywords

    chômage des jeunes; compétences; Czech Republic; early childhood education and care; enseignement et formation professionnelle; enseignement supérieur; female labour market participation; labour market; marché du travail; participation au marché du travail des femmes; PISA; PISA; République tchèque; skills; tertiary education; vocational education and training; youth unemployment; éducation et accueil des jeunes enfants;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I20 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - General
    • I23 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Higher Education; Research Institutions
    • I24 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Education and Inequality
    • I28 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Government Policy
    • J21 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure
    • J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity

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