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Does the Glass Ceiling Exist? A Cross-National Perspective on Gender Income Mobility

Author

Listed:
  • Gang, Ira N.

    (Rutgers University)

  • Landon-Lane, John

    (Rutgers University)

  • Yun, Myeong-Su

    (Inha University)

Abstract

We compare male and female upward labor income mobility in Germany and the United States using the GSOEP-PSID Cross National Equivalent File. Our main interest is to test whether a glass ceiling exists for women. The standard glass ceiling hypothesis highlights the belief that the playing field is level for women and men in the labor market up to a point, after which there is an effective limit on advancement for women. We examine the glass ceiling hypothesis by looking at the dynamics of the income distribution -- the movement of women and men through the distribution of income over time. We find that there is considerable evidence in favor of a glass ceiling both in Germany and the United States. In Germany the glass ceiling is evident in higher incomes while in the United States the glass ceiling is evident at all incomes levels.

Suggested Citation

  • Gang, Ira N. & Landon-Lane, John & Yun, Myeong-Su, 2003. "Does the Glass Ceiling Exist? A Cross-National Perspective on Gender Income Mobility," IZA Discussion Papers 713, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    • Handle: RePEc:iza:izadps:dp713
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    Cited by:

    1. Gang, Ira N. & Landon-Lane, John & Yun, Myeong-Su, 2002. "Gender Differences in German Upward Income Mobility," IZA Discussion Papers 580, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    2. NAVARRO-GÓMEZ, María Lucía & RUEDA-NARVÁEZ, Mario F., 2014. "Segregación Laboral Por Género En España: Efectos Sobre Los Salarios Y La Movilidad Salarial," Regional and Sectoral Economic Studies, Euro-American Association of Economic Development, vol. 14(3), pages 131-154.
    3. Marianne A. Ferber & Elke Holst & Wenzel Matiaske, 2006. "Introduction: The Changing Status of Women," management revue - Socio-Economic Studies, Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, vol. 17(2), pages 99-103.
    4. Mario Federico Rueda Narváez & María Lucía Navarro Gómez, 2014. "Una panorámica de género sobre la segregación laboral en España," Investigaciones de Economía de la Educación volume 9, in: Adela García Aracil & Isabel Neira Gómez (ed.), Investigaciones de Economía de la Educación 9, edition 1, volume 9, chapter 53, pages 999-1015, Asociación de Economía de la Educación.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    glass ceiling; mobility; Markov chain; income distribution dynamics; gender discrimination;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D3 - Microeconomics - - Distribution
    • D63 - Microeconomics - - Welfare Economics - - - Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement
    • J7 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Labor Discrimination

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