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Being Poorer than the Rest of the Neighbourhood: Relative Deprivation and Problem Behaviour of Youth

Author

Listed:
  • Nieuwenhuis, Jaap

    (Zhejiang University)

  • van Ham, Maarten

    (Delft University of Technology)

  • Yu, Rongqin

    (University of Oxford)

  • Branje, Susan

    (Utrecht University)

  • Meeus, Wim

    (Utrecht University)

  • Hooimeijer, Pieter

    (Utrecht University)

Abstract

According to the neighbourhood effects hypothesis, there is a negative relation between neighbourhood wealth and youths' problem behaviour. It is often assumed that there are more problems in deprived neighbourhoods, but there are also reports of higher rates of behavioural problems in more affluent neighbourhoods. Much of this literature does not take into account relative wealth. Our central question was whether the economic position of adolescents' families relative to the neighbourhood in which they lived, was related to adolescents' internalising and externalising problem behaviour. We used longitudinal data for youths between 12-21 years of age, combined with population register data. We employ between-within models to account for time-invariant confounders, including parental background characteristics. Our findings show that for adolescents, moving to a more affluent neighbourhood was related to increased levels of depression, social phobia, aggression, and conflict with father and mother. This could be indirect evidence for the relative deprivation mechanism, but we could not confirm this, and we did not find any gender differences. The results do suggest that future research should further investigate the role of individuals' relative position in their neighbourhood in order not to overgeneralise neighbourhood effects and to find out for whom neighbourhoods matter.

Suggested Citation

  • Nieuwenhuis, Jaap & van Ham, Maarten & Yu, Rongqin & Branje, Susan & Meeus, Wim & Hooimeijer, Pieter, 2016. "Being Poorer than the Rest of the Neighbourhood: Relative Deprivation and Problem Behaviour of Youth," IZA Discussion Papers 10220, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    • Handle: RePEc:iza:izadps:dp10220
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    11. Nieuwenhuis, Jaap & Hooimeijer, Pieter & van Ham, Maarten & Meeus, Wim, 2013. "Neighbourhood Effects on Migrant Youth's Educational Commitments: An Enquiry into Personality Differences," IZA Discussion Papers 7510, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    12. Lina Hedman & David Manley & Maarten van Ham & John Östh, 2015. "Cumulative exposure to disadvantage and the intergenerational transmission of neighbourhood effects," Journal of Economic Geography, Oxford University Press, vol. 15(1), pages 195-215.
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    Cited by:

    1. Mijs, Jonathan Jan Benjamin & Nieuwenhuis, Jaap, 2018. "The Great British Sorting Machine: Adolescents’ future in the balance of family, school and the neighborhood," SocArXiv ac7ew, Center for Open Science.
    2. Kleinepier, Tom & van Ham, Maarten, 2018. "The Temporal Dynamics of Neighborhood Disadvantage in Childhood and Subsequent Problem Behavior in Adolescence," IZA Discussion Papers 11397, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    3. Nieuwenhuis, Jaap & Best, Matt & Vogel, Matt & van Ham, Maarten & Branje, Susan & Meeus, Wim, 2021. "Exposure to Neighborhood Violence and Child-Parent Conflict among a Longitudinal Sample of Dutch Adolescents," IZA Discussion Papers 14587, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    neighbourhood effects; externalising problems; internalising problems; relative deprivation; adolescents; residential mobility;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I30 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - General
    • R23 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Household Analysis - - - Regional Migration; Regional Labor Markets; Population

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