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An analysis of China's energy policy from 1981 to 2020: Transitioning towards to a diversified and low-carbon energy system

Author

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  • Laëtitia Guilhot

    (CREG - Centre de recherche en économie de Grenoble - UGA - Université Grenoble Alpes)

Abstract

Looking back at four decades of China's energy policy (1981–2020), three momentous shifts can be said to have taken place. From the Sixth Five-Year Plan (1981) to the Ninth Five-Year Plan (2000), the focus was exclusively on improving energy efficiency. Subsequently, from the Tenth Five-Year Plan (2001) to the Eleventh Five-Year Plan (2010), energy security also became a major objective, as awareness of the gradual depletion of fossil fuels grew. From 2011 onwards (Twelfth and Thirteenth Five-Year Plans), China's energy policy has also aimed to ward off climate change. This policy evolution suggests that the Chinese economy has initiated a low-carbon energy transition since 2011. Nevertheless, this transition cannot be considered sustainable because the local government are reluctant to apply stringent institutional limitations to wealth-creating processes within their jurisdiction and because China's energy consumption is not decoupled from its economic growth and total environmental costs of renewable energy are not taken account. In seeking to usher in a sustainable energy system, the Chinese government needs to overcome three challenges: 1/an institutional challenge; 2/an economic challenge and 3/an environmental challenge.

Suggested Citation

  • Laëtitia Guilhot, 2022. "An analysis of China's energy policy from 1981 to 2020: Transitioning towards to a diversified and low-carbon energy system," Post-Print halshs-03548757, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-03548757
    DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2022.112806
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    Cited by:

    1. Razzaq, Asif & Sharif, Arshian & Ozturk, Ilhan & Skare, Marinko, 2023. "Asymmetric influence of digital finance, and renewable energy technology innovation on green growth in China," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 202(C), pages 310-319.
    2. Zhao, Xiaochun & Jiang, Mei & Wu, Zijun & Zhou, Ying, 2023. "Quantitative evaluation of China's energy security policy under the background of intensifying geopolitical conflicts: Based on PMC model," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 85(PA).
    3. Shuguang Liu & Jiayi Wang & Yin Long, 2023. "Research into the Spatiotemporal Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Technological Innovation in China’s Natural Gas Industry from the Perspective of Energy Transition," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-34, April.
    4. Xu, Xiaofeng & Cui, Xiaodan & Chen, Xiangyu & Zhou, Yichen, 2022. "Impact of government subsidies on the innovation performance of the photovoltaic industry: Based on the moderating effect of carbon trading prices," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 170(C).
    5. Xu, Bin, 2023. "Exploring the sustainable growth pathway of wind power in China: Using the semiparametric regression model," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 183(C).
    6. Liu, Qilu & Cheng, Kaiming & Zhuang, Yanjie, 2022. "Estimation of city energy consumption in China based on downscaling energy balance tables," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 256(C).

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