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La gestion du changement stratégique dans les organisations publiques à la lumière de l'expérience d'autonomie des universités françaises: un essai d'appréciation critique

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  • Albert Marouani

    (GREDEG - Groupe de Recherche en Droit, Economie et Gestion - UNS - Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - UniCA - Université Côte d'Azur)

Abstract

La littérature sur la gestion du changement stratégique dans les organisations prête généralement assez peu d'attention à leur statut juridique. La problématique du changement se focalise le plus souvent sur des caractéristiques psychologiques, psycho-sociologiques ou sociologiques des comportements humains qui sont supposés similaires quelle que soit la nature de l'organisation (entreprise privée ou administration publique). De ce fait la question du changement dans le management public n'a pas fait l'objet de travaux de recherches qui mettent en évidence la complexité particulière des organisations publiques et la plus grande difficulté pour les cadres dirigeants à mettre en oeuvre des politiques de changement stratégiques. (Ban, 1995). Alors que dans l'entreprise privée, le changement stratégique présente souvent un caractère unidimensionnel qui fait référence à la création de valeur et à la maximisation du profit comme contrainte la plus déterminante en dernière instance, dans les administrations publiques, le changement présente toujours un caractère protéiforme, largement déterminé par le contexte socio-politique, le poids de l'histoire et les pesanteurs institutionnelles et culturelles propres à une nation. Le fonctionnement et la gestion des universités françaises ont été profondément transformés en 2009, par la Loi dite des « libertés et responsabilités des universités » (LRU), marquée par le passage aux « responsabilités et compétences élargies » (RCE). En un temps très court les universités françaises ont été contraintes de changer radicalement leur mode de management. Cette « révolution culturelle » a dû être menée dans un contexte très perturbé et perturbant, en raison à la fois des politiques publiques de l'Etat (« plans campus » et « investissements d'avenir ») et des restrictions budgétaires dues en grande partie à la crise financière qui a ralenti la croissance économique et aggravé le chômage et le déficit des finances publiques. A ce contexte national particulièrement mouvementé, il convient aussi d'ajouter un contexte local marqué par les difficultés de mise en oeuvre des « partenariats public-privé » (PPP) dans le cadre des « contrats de projets Etat-Région » (CPER) ou/et des « plans campus ».

Suggested Citation

  • Albert Marouani, 2013. "La gestion du changement stratégique dans les organisations publiques à la lumière de l'expérience d'autonomie des universités françaises: un essai d'appréciation critique," Post-Print halshs-01964577, HAL.
  • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-01964577
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://shs.hal.science/halshs-01964577
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    References listed on IDEAS

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