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Pouvoirs et monnaie durant la seconde guerre mondiale en France : la monnaie subordonnée au politique

Author

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  • Jérôme Blanc

    (LEFI - Laboratoire d'Economie de la Firme et des Institutions - UL2 - Université Lumière - Lyon 2)

Abstract

La façon dont la monnaie a été transformée durant la seconde Guerre mondiale en France est exemplaire d'une subordination du monétaire au politique. Trois systèmes de pouvoir se déploient : la puissance occupante, le régime de Vichy et celui de la France Libre. Chacun tend à s'assurer la maîtrise de l'institution monétaire : essentiellement par le compte et le régime de monnayage pour le premier, établissant les conditions de drainage des ressources françaises au service de l'Allemagne ; uniquement par les moyens de paiement pour le second, qui de ce fait ne parvient qu'à restaurer une souveraineté monétaire nominale ; et par cet ensemble d'éléments pour le troisième, qui parvient, au bout de plusieurs années, à restaurer une souveraineté monétaire réelle. Là se jouent deux types de crises monétaires : une première est liée à la subordination conflictuelle du régime de Vichy à l'occupant allemand, et se fonde centralement sur un conflit relatif au monnayage ; une seconde est liée à l'articulation conflictuelle des gouvernements de la Libération avec les alliées anglo-saxons, et se fonde centralement sur un conflit relatif aux moyens de paiement.

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  • Jérôme Blanc, 2008. "Pouvoirs et monnaie durant la seconde guerre mondiale en France : la monnaie subordonnée au politique," Post-Print halshs-00652826, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-00652826
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://shs.hal.science/halshs-00652826
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    1. repec:ulb:ulbeco:2013/6699 is not listed on IDEAS
    2. Bordo,Michael D. & Capie,Forrest, 2006. "Monetary Regimes in Transition," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9780521030427.
    3. Eugene N. White & Filippo Occhino & Kim Oosterlinck, 2007. "How Occupied France Financed Its Own Exploitation in World War II," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 97(2), pages 295-299, May.
    4. Occhino, Filippo & Oosterlinck, Kim & White, Eugene N., 2008. "How Much Can a Victor Force the Vanquished to Pay? France under the Nazi Boot," The Journal of Economic History, Cambridge University Press, vol. 68(1), pages 1-45, March.
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