IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/hal/journl/halshs-00601101.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

The use of visual warnings in social marketing: The case of tobacco

Author

Listed:
  • Karine Gallopel

    (CREM - Centre de recherche en économie et management - UNICAEN - Université de Caen Normandie - NU - Normandie Université - UR - Université de Rennes - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

  • Patrick Gabriel

    (Groupe Sup de Co La Rochelle)

  • Marine Le Gall-Ely

    (ICI - Laboratoire Information, Coordination, Incitations - UEB - Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany - UBO - Université de Brest - Télécom Bretagne - IMT - Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] - IBSHS - Institut Brestois des Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société - UBO - Université de Brest)

  • Sophie Rieunier

    (GREGOR - Groupe de Recherche en Gestion des Organisations - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - IAE Paris - Sorbonne Business School)

  • Bertrand Urien

    (ICI - Laboratoire Information, Coordination, Incitations - UEB - Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany - UBO - Université de Brest - Télécom Bretagne - IMT - Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] - IBSHS - Institut Brestois des Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société - UBO - Université de Brest)

Abstract

Despite strong interest on the part of tobacco health practitioners, the effect of graphic warnings inserted on cigarette packs is unclear on several levels. First, the most effective themes for such messages have not been clearly identified by researchers. Second, no research has identified the ideal combination of self-efficacy and fear appeal warnings that should be inserted on cigarette packs, according to Protection Motivation Model principles. The exploratory study we conducted with French consumers to test the effectiveness of new graphic warnings proposed by the European Union in 2004 clearly demonstrates that visual messages, as opposed to text warnings, are more effective. This study also enabled us to identify the most effective themes of the European set: health warnings and social messages. Regarding future public health applications, if fear appeals are used, they need to be combined with self-efficacy and cessation support messages since they provoke avoidance reactions.

Suggested Citation

  • Karine Gallopel & Patrick Gabriel & Marine Le Gall-Ely & Sophie Rieunier & Bertrand Urien, 2011. "The use of visual warnings in social marketing: The case of tobacco," Post-Print halshs-00601101, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-00601101
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    To our knowledge, this item is not available for download. To find whether it is available, there are three options:
    1. Check below whether another version of this item is available online.
    2. Check on the provider's web page whether it is in fact available.
    3. Perform a search for a similarly titled item that would be available.

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Yi-Fen Chen & Shi-Han Chang, 2016. "The online framing effect: the moderating role of warning, brand familiarity, and product type," Electronic Commerce Research, Springer, vol. 16(3), pages 355-374, September.
    2. Davis, Cassandra Denise & Burton, Scot, 2019. "Making bad look good: The counterpersuasive effects of natural labels on (dangerous) vice goods," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 271-282.
    3. Wang, Wangshuai & Yi, Yanxi & Li, Jie & Sun, Gong & Zhang, Mo, 2022. "Lighting up the dark: How the scarcity of childhood resources leads to preferences for bright stimuli," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 1155-1164.
    4. Tessitore, Tina & Geuens, Maggie, 2019. "Arming consumers against product placement: A comparison of factual and evaluative educational interventions," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 38-48.
    5. Olivier Droulers & Karine Gallopel-Morvan & Sophie Lacoste-Badie & Mathieu Lajante, 2017. "The influence of threatening visual warnings on tobacco packaging: Measuring the impact of threat level, image size, and type of pack through psychophysiological and self-report methods," Post-Print halshs-02024739, HAL.
    6. Chi Hong Leung, 2019. "Is usage of visual images in online marketing effective?," Asian Journal of Empirical Research, Asian Economic and Social Society, vol. 9(6), pages 147-156, June.
    7. Dong Jenn Yang, 2018. "Exploring the communication effects of message framing of smoking cessation advertising on smokers’ mental processes," International Review on Public and Nonprofit Marketing, Springer;International Association of Public and Non-Profit Marketing, vol. 15(3), pages 315-332, September.
    8. Béatrice Parguel & Renaud Lunardo & Jean-Charles Chebat, 2012. "Warning Young Adults Against Tobacco Consumption Through Ad Parodies: its Effects on Cigarette Brands Attitude," Post-Print halshs-00704000, HAL.
    9. Septianto, Felix & Lee, Michael S.W., 2020. "Emotional responses to plastic waste: Matching image and message framing in encouraging consumers to reduce plastic consumption," Australasian marketing journal, Elsevier, vol. 28(1), pages 18-29.
    10. Marie-Laure Mourre & Patricia Gurviez, 2015. "Proposition d’un modèle intégrateur de la résistance aux messages anti-tabac," Post-Print hal-01443801, HAL.
    11. Eman Wadie Abdel Halim, 2020. "Evaluating the Effectiveness of Negative Appeals Used in Emotional Marketing in Relation to Smoking Phenomenon in Egypt," International Journal of Marketing Studies, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 10(4), pages 160-160, March.
    12. Rizal Edy Halim, 2019. "Warning Label Placement: The Difference Effect of Social Risk and Health Risk Consequences," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, vol. 0(2), pages 282-297.
    13. Lafrenière, Darquise & Hurlimann, Thierry & Menuz, Vincent & Godard, Béatrice, 2014. "Evaluation of a cartoon-based knowledge dissemination intervention on scientific and ethical challenges raised by nutrigenomics/nutrigenetics research," Evaluation and Program Planning, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 103-114.
    14. Kauronen Marja-Leena & Lehtonen Olli & Purhonen Kirsi & Kallunki Valdemar & Polak Angelika, 2020. "Picture-Based Recognition of Smokers: A Novel Visual Method," Econometrics. Advances in Applied Data Analysis, Sciendo, vol. 24(4), pages 34-49, December.
    15. Senyuz, Aysu & Hasford, Jonathan, 2022. "The allure of arrogance: How relationship formation motives enhance consumer preferences for arrogant communications," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 106-120.
    16. Ghosh, Tathagata & Sreejesh, S. & Dwivedi, Yogesh K., 2022. "Brand logos versus brand names: A comparison of the memory effects of textual and pictorial brand elements placed in computer games," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 147(C), pages 222-235.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-00601101. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: CCSD (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.