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Introduction au tournant matériel en théories des organisations

Author

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  • François-Xavier de Vaujany

    (Management & Organisation - DRM - Dauphine Recherches en Management - Université Paris Dauphine-PSL - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

  • Nathalie Mitev

    (ISIG - Information Systems and Innovation Group - Department of Management - LSE - London School of Economics and Political Science)

Abstract

Comment (re)penser la matérialité des organisations (des objets, des bâtiments, des corps… qu'elles abritent) sans (re-)sombrer dans la posture du déterminisme technologique ou matériel ? Comment lier le social ou le matériel pour certains ? Comment dépasser la dichotomie entre le social et le matériel pour d'autres ? Les travaux sur l'espace organisationnel ont remis au goût du jour ces questions déjà anciennes (notamment en insistant sur la matérialité des pratiques spatiales). Plus récemment, les approches sur la « sociomatérialité » ont, elles aussi, contribué à la ré-exploration de ces problématiques. Le retour du vocable de matérialité dans les débats organisationnels et managériaux peut sembler étonnant dans un contexte où dominent de plus en plus l'immatériel, l'abstrait, le complexe et le liquide (de Vaujany et Vaast, 2014b). En effet, les organisations d'aujourd'hui sont de plus en plus étendues et éclatées autour de projets réalisés par des acteurs multiples, sur des territoires et des temps de plus en plus hétérogènes. Le travail indépendant, le télétravail, la mobilité et le coworking progressent, incitant de plus en plus les organisations et l'action collective à se penser loin de leurs murs et temps habituels. De façon concomitante, les technologies de l'information ont favorisé une très large dématérialisation des activités ainsi que des processus organisationnels. Pourquoi donc, aujourd'hui, redonner une place à la matérialité dans les organisations et l'action collective ? La réponse tient sans doute dans un paradoxe (de Vaujany et Vaast, 2014b) : c'est précisément parce que les produits et les services diffusés et vendus par les organisations ont une matière problématique qu'il faut des processus et des pratiques particulières afin de les (re-)matérialiser et les (re-)performer. Pour les clients comme les citoyens, il faut plus que jamais incarner, démontrer, matérialiser, simuler, illustrer les activités, les produits et les services. La légitimité de leur prix repose en grande partie sur le succès de cette démarche fortement « performative ». Ce chapitre introduit les principaux fondements théoriques et ontologiques du tournant matériel en théorie des organisations. Il revient en particulier sur les débats qui sont au coeur de la perspective dite "sociomatérielle".

Suggested Citation

  • François-Xavier de Vaujany & Nathalie Mitev, 2015. "Introduction au tournant matériel en théories des organisations," Post-Print hal-01215557, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01215557
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal.science/hal-01215557
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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    2. Stéphane Bellini, 2017. "Produire et favoriser l'appropriation des connaissances alternatives en GRH," Post-Print hal-02115773, HAL.

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