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COVID Response: The Paycheck Protection Program Liquidity Facility

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Abstract

To bolster the effectiveness of the Small Business Administration’s Paycheck Protection Program (PPP), the Federal Reserve, with the backing of the Secretary of the Treasury, established the Paycheck Protection Program Liquidity Facility (PPPLF). The facility was intended to supply liquidity to financial institutions participating in the PPP and thereby provide relief to small businesses and help them maintain payroll. In this article, we lay out the background and rationale for the creation of the facility, cover the salient features of the PPP and the PPPLF, and analyze the facility’s loan take-up. Our findings suggest that the PPPLF played an important role in expanding the supply of credit to smaller banks and nondepository institutions and that these institutions were more likely to originate PPP loans to businesses on the smaller end of the scale.

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  • Desi Volker, 2021. "COVID Response: The Paycheck Protection Program Liquidity Facility," Staff Reports 978, Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
    • Handle: RePEc:fip:fednsr:93070
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Lopez, Jose A. & Spiegel, Mark M., 2023. "Small business lending under the PPP and PPPLF programs," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 53(C).
    2. John Barrios & Michael Minnis & William Minnis & Joost Sijthoff, 2020. "Assessing the Payroll Protection Program: A Framework and Preliminary Results," Working Papers 2020-63, Becker Friedman Institute for Research In Economics.
    3. Mike Eggleston, 2021. "Fed’s PPP Liquidity Facility Provides CDFIs Balance Sheet Relief," Bridges, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, vol. 2021, February.
    4. Sriya Anbil & Mark A. Carlson & Mary-Frances Styczynski, 2021. "The Effect of the PPPLF on PPP Lending by Commercial Banks," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2021-030, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    5. Erel, Isil & Liebersohn, Jack, 2020. "Does FinTech Substitute for Banks? Evidence from the Paycheck Protection Program," Working Paper Series 2020-16, Ohio State University, Charles A. Dice Center for Research in Financial Economics.
    6. Granja, João & Makridis, Christos & Yannelis, Constantine & Zwick, Eric, 2022. "Did the paycheck protection program hit the target?," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 145(3), pages 725-761.
    7. Isil Erel & Jack Liebersohn, 2020. "Does FinTech Substitute for Banks? Evidence from the Paycheck Protection Program," NBER Working Papers 27659, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    8. Haoyang Liu & Desi Volker, 2020. "Where Have the Paycheck Protection Loans Gone So Far?," Liberty Street Economics 20200506, Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
    9. Lei Li & Philip Strahan, 2020. "Who Supplies PPP Loans (And Does it Matter)? Banks, Relationships and the COVID Crisis," NBER Working Papers 28286, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    10. James, Christopher & Lu, Jing & Sun, Yangfan, 2021. "Time is money: Real effects of relationship lending in a crisis," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 133(C).
    11. Haoyang Liu & Desi Volker, 2020. "The Paycheck Protection Program Liquidity Facility (PPPLF)," Liberty Street Economics 20200520, Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
    12. Santiago Barraza & Martín Rossi & Timothy J. Yeager, 2020. "The Short-Term Effect of the Paycheck Protection Program on Unemployment," Working Papers 144, Universidad de San Andres, Departamento de Economia, revised Aug 2020.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    PPP; PPPLF; Small Business Administration; CARES Act; Federal Reserve lending facilities;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G0 - Financial Economics - - General
    • G2 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G23 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Non-bank Financial Institutions; Financial Instruments; Institutional Investors
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation

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