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La calidad de los maestros en Colombia: Desempeno en el examen de Estado del ICFES y la probabilidad de graduarse en el área de educación

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  • Juan D. Barón
  • Leonardo Bonilla Mejía

Abstract

Existe una estrecha relación entre la calidad de los maestros y la calidad de la educación que reciben los estudiantes. En Colombia, poco se sabe acerca de las competencias académicas de los maestros. Este documento investiga sobre el estándar académico de las personas que se gradúan de programas superiores en educación. Los resultados indican que existe una relación inversa entre el desempeno en la prueba de Estado del ICFES y la probabilidad de graduarse de un programa en el ´área de educación. Estimamos que esta probabilidad es cinco veces más alta cuando se obtuvo un puntaje del ICFES entre los más bajos que cuando se obtuvo un resultado entre los más altos. Esta diferencia es a ´un mayor para las mujeres. Las oportunidades más rentables en otras ocupaciones para las mujeres, particularmente para las de mayor competencia, y una distribución de salarios comprimida en el mercado de maestros explicarían el estándar académico bajo que se observa en esta profesión. ABSTRACT: There is a close relationship between teacher quality and the quality of education. Yet little is known in Colombia about the quality of teachers. In this paper we ask about the academic standard of people who obtain a tertiary degree in education. Results show a negative relationship between results in the standarized test to enter higher education (ICFES) and the probability of obtaining a tertiary degree in education (relative to other areas of study). We estimate that this probability is five-times higher for people with results among the lowest scores than for people with results among the highest. This difference broadens when we consider only women. Higher returns in alternative ocupations for high-ability women, and a compressed wage distribution for teachers would explain the lower academic standard of people entering teaching that we observe.

Suggested Citation

  • Juan D. Barón & Leonardo Bonilla Mejía, 2011. "La calidad de los maestros en Colombia: Desempeno en el examen de Estado del ICFES y la probabilidad de graduarse en el área de educación," Documentos de Trabajo Sobre Economía Regional y Urbana 8944, Banco de la República, Economía Regional.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000102:008944
    DOI: 10.32468/dtseru.152
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    Cited by:

    1. Balcázar, Carlos Felipe & Nopo, Hugo R., 2014. "Broken Gears: The Value Added of Higher Education on Teachers' Academic Achievement," IZA Discussion Papers 8477, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    2. Sánchez-Jabba, Andrés Mauricio, 2014. "Bilingüísmo en Colombia," Chapters, in: Sánchez Jabba, Andrés & Otero Cortés, Andrea (ed.), Educación y desarrollo regional en Colombia, chapter 3, pages 103-128, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    3. Jhorland Ayala-García, 2015. "Evaluación externa y calidad de la educación en Colombia," Documentos de trabajo sobre Economía Regional y Urbana 217, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    4. Leonardo Bonilla–Mejía & Luis Armando Galvis?Aponte, 2017. "Centro de Estudios Económicos Regionales (CEER): veinte anos de investigación sobre economía regional," Documentos de Trabajo Sobre Economía Regional y Urbana 15532, Banco de la República, Economía Regional.
    5. Gómez Silva Carlos Alberto, 2016. "Clasificación de colegios según las pruebas Saber 11 del ICFES: un análisis usando modelos marginales (MM)," Revista Sociedad y Economía, Universidad del Valle, CIDSE, vol. 0(30), pages 11-404, January.
    6. Carlos Alberto GÓMEZ SILVA, 2014. "Clasificación de colegios según las Pruebas SABER 11 del ICFES en el Período 2001-2011: un Análisis Longitudinal a Través del Uso de Modelos Marginales (MM)," Archivos de Economía 12314, Departamento Nacional de Planeación.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    maestros; profesores; competencia; calidad;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I21 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Analysis of Education
    • I28 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Government Policy
    • J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials

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