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The Impact of Telecommuting on Commute Time, Distance, and Speed of State of California Workers

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  • Ory, David T
  • Mokhtarian, Patricia L

Abstract

Using retrospective data collected from a survey of more than 200 State of California workers, including current, former, and non-telecommuters, this study analyzes the relationship between telecommuting and commute time, distance, and speed over the ten-year period from 1988 to 1998. We find that telecommuters consistently live farther from work (in terms of time and distance) compared to former and future telecommuters. These longer one-way distances are ameliorated, however, by telecommuters traveling at higher speeds and commuting less frequently than their counterparts, with an end result of telecommuters commuting fewer person-miles and person-minutes, on average. About 70% of the commute time savings can be attributed to the faster speeds, with the remainder due to the lower distances traveled. Interestingly, in the aggregate, those who telecommute at some point in the ten-year period average slightly (2.6%) more commute person-miles traveled (although 4.4% less time) over the decade (even with the reductions offered by telecommuting) than those who do not telecommute at all. This finding suggests either that telecommuting is at best an ineffective travel reduction policy (i.e. those who engage in it do not travel any less) or that telecommuting disproportionately attracts those who would otherwise commute even more (making it an effective tool). A companion study addresses this question and finds that the latter explanation is the stronger one.

Suggested Citation

  • Ory, David T & Mokhtarian, Patricia L, 2005. "The Impact of Telecommuting on Commute Time, Distance, and Speed of State of California Workers," Institute of Transportation Studies, Working Paper Series qt8rg6h7gv, Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Davis.
    • Handle: RePEc:cdl:itsdav:qt8rg6h7gv
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    1. Kitamura, Ryuichi & Nilles, Jack M. & Conroy, Patrick & Fleming, David M., 1990. "Telecommuting as a Transportation Planning Meaure: Initial Results of California Pilot Project," University of California Transportation Center, Working Papers qt6j96d49k, University of California Transportation Center.
    2. Mokhtarian, Patricia L. & Handy, Susan L. & Salomon, Ilan, 1995. "Methodological issues in the estimation of the travel, energy, and air quality impacts of telecommuting," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 29(4), pages 283-302, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Pengyu Zhu & Liping Wang & Yanpeng Jiang & Jiangping Zhou, 2018. "Metropolitan size and the impacts of telecommuting on personal travel," Transportation, Springer, vol. 45(2), pages 385-414, March.
    2. Pengyu Zhu, 2012. "Are telecommuting and personal travel complements or substitutes?," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 48(2), pages 619-639, April.
    3. Pengyu Zhu, 2013. "Telecommuting, Household Commute and Location Choice," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 50(12), pages 2441-2459, September.

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