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Las necesidades de liquidez y la solvencia de las empresas no financieras españolas tras la perturbación del Covid-19

Author

Listed:
  • Roberto Blanco

    (Banco de España)

  • Sergio Mayordomo

    (Banco de España)

  • Álvaro Menéndez

    (Banco de España)

  • Maristela Mulino

    (Banco de España)

Abstract

La epidemia de Covid-19 está teniendo un impacto negativo sin precedentes sobre la actividad económica y, en particular, sobre los ingresos de las empresas, provocando que en algunos casos estos sean insuficientes para hacer frente a los pagos comprometidos. En este documento se presentan los resultados de un ejercicio de simulación de las necesidades de liquidez de las empresas no financieras españolas, para los cuatro trimestres de este año, derivadas tanto de los posibles déficits generados por la evolución de la actividad de explotación como de las inversiones en activos fijos y los pagos asociados a las amortizaciones de deuda. De acuerdo con los resultados, dichas necesidades de liquidez podrían superar los 230 mm de euros entre abril y diciembre. Se estima que, a través de los programas de avales públicos para los créditos a las empresas, podrían cubrirse cerca de las tres cuartas partes de dicho déficit. Para financiar el resto, las empresas podrían utilizar sus colchones de liquidez o recurrir a nueva deuda sin avalar. En este sentido, hay que tener en cuenta que, durante los últimos meses, las compañías con un mejor acceso al crédito han conseguido captar un volumen elevado de fondos sin recurrir a garantías públicas. Por otra parte, a pesar de la caída sin precedentes de la facturación empresarial, se estima que un porcentaje no desdeñable de empresas (por encima del 40?%) podría hacer frente a esta situación sin experimentar un deterioro de su situación patrimonial. No obstante, en el resto de las compañías el retroceso de la actividad habría llevado a elevar significativamente los niveles de vulnerabilidad financiera, haciéndolo con mayor intensidad dentro del segmento de las pymes y, especialmente, entre las empresas de los sectores más afectados por la pandemia, como los de turismo y ocio, vehículos de motor, y transporte y almacenamiento.

Suggested Citation

  • Roberto Blanco & Sergio Mayordomo & Álvaro Menéndez & Maristela Mulino, 2020. "Las necesidades de liquidez y la solvencia de las empresas no financieras españolas tras la perturbación del Covid-19," Occasional Papers 2020, Banco de España.
    • Handle: RePEc:bde:opaper:2020
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Covid-19; necesidades de liquidez de las empresas; crédito; avales; riesgo de insolvencia;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E51 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Money Supply; Credit; Money Multipliers
    • E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages

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