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An Overview of the Indigenous Economy in Canada

Author

Listed:
  • Alex Chernoff
  • Calista Cheung

Abstract

Attempts to measure aspects of the Indigenous economy in Canada are limited by data availability and quality. Drawing on the most recent data sources and research, we provide an overview of the Indigenous economy in Canada. This includes a discussion of the various characteristics of the Indigenous economy, including the labour market and the business sector, institutional settings, and the state of infrastructure. While several measures suggest economic outcomes have improved for Indigenous Peoples in recent decades, institutional settings and gaps in infrastructure and financing continue to hinder their economic progress. The creation of new institutions is helping Indigenous communities to overcome historic barriers to growth, but continued progress is needed to improve data on the Indigenous economy. This would enable policymakers and Indigenous leaders to measure progress and make informed decisions.

Suggested Citation

  • Alex Chernoff & Calista Cheung, 2023. "An Overview of the Indigenous Economy in Canada," Discussion Papers 2023-25, Bank of Canada.
    • Handle: RePEc:bca:bocadp:23-25
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Marc J. Melitz, 2003. "The Impact of Trade on Intra-Industry Reallocations and Aggregate Industry Productivity," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 71(6), pages 1695-1725, November.
    2. Bowles, Paul & Ajit, D. & Dempsey, Keely & Shaw, Trevor, 2011. "Urban Aboriginal use of fringe financial institutions: Survey evidence from Prince George, British Columbia," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics (formerly The Journal of Socio-Economics), Elsevier, vol. 40(6), pages 895-902.
    3. Donna Feir & Robert L.A. Hancock, 2016. "Answering the Call: A Guide to Reconciliation for Quantitative Social Scientists," Canadian Public Policy, University of Toronto Press, vol. 42(3), pages 350-365, September.
    4. Danielle Lamb, 2014. "Aboriginal Early School Leavers On- and Off-Reserve: An Empirical Analysis," Canadian Public Policy, University of Toronto Press, vol. 40(2), pages 156-165, June.
    5. Danielle Lamb, 2013. "Earnings Inequality Among Aboriginal Groups in Canada," Journal of Labor Research, Springer, vol. 34(2), pages 224-240, June.
    6. Anderson, Terry L. & Parker, Dominic P., 2009. "Economic development lessons from and for North American Indian economies," Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society, vol. 53(1), pages 1-23.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Central bank research; Development economics; Financial services; Labour markets; Monetary Policy Transmission; Regional economic developments;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E01 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - General - - - Measurement and Data on National Income and Product Accounts and Wealth; Environmental Accounts
    • E02 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - General - - - Institutions and the Macroeconomy
    • N41 - Economic History - - Government, War, Law, International Relations, and Regulation - - - U.S.; Canada: Pre-1913
    • N42 - Economic History - - Government, War, Law, International Relations, and Regulation - - - U.S.; Canada: 1913-
    • O43 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - Institutions and Growth
    • P48 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - Other Economic Systems - - - Legal Institutions; Property Rights; Natural Resources; Energy; Environment; Regional Studies

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