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Evidence of its Importance and Instruments to Handle it. The Real Estate Market Risk of Banks

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  • Carsten Lausberg

Abstract

This paper deals with a risk that has been widely neglected in both academia and practice: the real estate market risk. It is an integral part of any real estate investment and therefore its existence has always been knownóbut not much else. Surprisingly, very little research has been done on the riskís causes and effects or its importance, nor have real estate investors found ways to handle it. The paper starts by defining and classifying different types of real estate market risk. A closer look reveals that banks are exposed to the risk in many ways, be it directly (e.g., through real estate owned) or indirectly (e.g., through mortgage loans). In the second part of the paper evidence from several empirical studies is presented which underline the importance of the real estate market risk for financial institutions. The author uses a three-factor APT-model to examine the sensitivity of German bank stock returns to fluctuations of the real estate market. The results indicate that the German banks from the sample indeed have a significant real estate market risk, depending on the volume of their real estate-related assets. A review of the current literature on real estate risk management reveals that most banks are by no means in a position to manage real estate market risk effectively. This result combined with the discovered importance of the risk makes it necessary to develop new and better instruments for risk management. The author presents his ideas for various instruments for measuring and protecting against real estate market risk, i.e., a geographical information system and a sensitivity analysis, some of which have been successfully tested in a German bank. The paper ends with a description of the most urgent steps in the direction of a complete risk management system for real estate risks.

Suggested Citation

  • Carsten Lausberg, 2001. "Evidence of its Importance and Instruments to Handle it. The Real Estate Market Risk of Banks," ERES eres2001_205, European Real Estate Society (ERES).
    • Handle: RePEc:arz:wpaper:eres2001_205
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Linda Allen & Julapa Jagtiani, 1997. "Risk and Market Segmentation in Financial Intermediaries' Returns," Journal of Financial Services Research, Springer;Western Finance Association, vol. 12(2), pages 159-173, October.
    2. Mei, Jianping & Lee, Ahyee, 1994. "Is There a Real Estate Factor Premium?," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 9(2), pages 113-126, September.
    3. Kerry D. Vandell, 1992. "Predicting Commercial Mortgage Foreclosure Experience," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 20(1), pages 55-88, March.
    4. Mei, Jianping & Saunders, Anthony, 1995. "Bank Risk and Real Estate: An Asset Pricing Perspective," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 10(3), pages 199-224, May.
    5. Sung C. Bae, 1990. "Interest Rate Changes And Common Stock Returns Of Financial Institutions: Revisited," Journal of Financial Research, Southern Finance Association;Southwestern Finance Association, vol. 13(1), pages 71-79, March.
    6. Marcus T. Allen & Jeff Madura & Kenneth J. Wiant, 1995. "Commercial Bank Exposure and Sensitivity to the Real Estate Market," Journal of Real Estate Research, American Real Estate Society, vol. 10(2), pages 129-140.
    7. He, Ling T & Myer, F C Neil & Webb, James R, 1996. "The Sensitivity of Bank Stock Returns to Real Estate," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 12(2), pages 203-220, March.
    8. Capozza, Dennis R & Schwann, Gregory M, 1990. "The Value of Risk in Real Estate Markets," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 3(2), pages 117-140, June.
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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • R3 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Real Estate Markets, Spatial Production Analysis, and Firm Location

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