IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/arx/papers/2004.13235.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Avoiding zero probability events when computing Value at Risk contributions

Author

Listed:
  • Takaaki Koike
  • Yuri F. Saporito
  • Rodrigo S. Targino

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the process of risk allocation for a generic multivariate model when the risk measure is chosen as the Value-at-Risk (VaR). We recast the traditional Euler contributions from an expectation conditional on an event of zero probability to a ratio involving conditional expectations whose conditioning events have strictly positive probability. We derive an analytical form of the proposed representation of VaR contributions for various parametric models. Our numerical experiments show that the estimator using this novel representation outperforms the standard Monte Carlo estimator in terms of bias and variance. Moreover, unlike the existing estimators, the proposed estimator is free from hyperparameters under a parametric setting.

Suggested Citation

  • Takaaki Koike & Yuri F. Saporito & Rodrigo S. Targino, 2020. "Avoiding zero probability events when computing Value at Risk contributions," Papers 2004.13235, arXiv.org, revised Jun 2022.
  • Handle: RePEc:arx:papers:2004.13235
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://arxiv.org/pdf/2004.13235
    File Function: Latest version
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    Other versions of this item:

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Targino, Rodrigo S. & Peters, Gareth W. & Shevchenko, Pavel V., 2015. "Sequential Monte Carlo Samplers for capital allocation under copula-dependent risk models," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 206-226.
    2. Guangwu Liu & Liu Jeff Hong, 2009. "Kernel estimation of quantile sensitivities," Naval Research Logistics (NRL), John Wiley & Sons, vol. 56(6), pages 511-525, September.
    3. Michael C. Fu & L. Jeff Hong & Jian-Qiang Hu, 2009. "Conditional Monte Carlo Estimation of Quantile Sensitivities," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 55(12), pages 2019-2027, December.
    4. Eric Fournié & Jean-Michel Lasry & Pierre-Louis Lions & Jérôme Lebuchoux, 2001. "Applications of Malliavin calculus to Monte-Carlo methods in finance. II," Finance and Stochastics, Springer, vol. 5(2), pages 201-236.
    5. Alexander J. McNeil & Rüdiger Frey & Paul Embrechts, 2015. "Quantitative Risk Management: Concepts, Techniques and Tools Revised edition," Economics Books, Princeton University Press, edition 2, number 10496.
    6. Gourieroux, C. & Laurent, J. P. & Scaillet, O., 2000. "Sensitivity analysis of Values at Risk," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 7(3-4), pages 225-245, November.
    7. Gareth W. Peters & Rodrigo S. Targino & Mario V. Wüthrich, 2017. "Bayesian Modelling, Monte Carlo Sampling and Capital Allocation of Insurance Risks," Risks, MDPI, vol. 5(4), pages 1-51, September.
    8. Caroline Hillairet & Ying Jiao & Anthony Réveillac, 2018. "Pricing formulae for derivatives in insurance using the Malliavin calculus ," Post-Print hal-01561987, HAL.
    9. Paul Embrechts & Giovanni Puccetti & Ludger Rüschendorf & Ruodu Wang & Antonela Beleraj, 2014. "An Academic Response to Basel 3.5," Risks, MDPI, vol. 2(1), pages 1-24, February.
    10. Thomas Siller, 2013. "Measuring marginal risk contributions in credit portfolios," Quantitative Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 13(12), pages 1915-1923, December.
    11. Vali Asimit & Liang Peng & Ruodu Wang & Alex Yu, 2019. "An efficient approach to quantile capital allocation and sensitivity analysis," Mathematical Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 29(4), pages 1131-1156, October.
    12. Donald L. Iglehart, 1975. "Simulating stable stochastic systems, V: Comparison of ratio estimators," Naval Research Logistics Quarterly, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 22(3), pages 553-565, September.
    13. Michael A. Crane & Donald L. Iglehart, 1975. "Simulating Stable Stochastic Systems, IV: Approximation Techniques," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 21(11), pages 1215-1224, July.
    14. Buch, A. & Dorfleitner, G., 2008. "Coherent risk measures, coherent capital allocations and the gradient allocation principle," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 42(1), pages 235-242, February.
    15. Takaaki Koike & Mihoko Minami, 2019. "Estimation of risk contributions with MCMC," Quantitative Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 19(9), pages 1579-1597, September.
    16. L. Jeff Hong, 2009. "Estimating Quantile Sensitivities," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 57(1), pages 118-130, February.
    17. Michael Kalkbrener, 2005. "An Axiomatic Approach To Capital Allocation," Mathematical Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 15(3), pages 425-437, July.
    18. Takaaki Koike & Marius Hofert, 2019. "Markov Chain Monte Carlo Methods for Estimating Systemic Risk Allocations," Papers 1909.11794, arXiv.org, revised May 2020.
    19. Christian-Oliver Ewald, 2005. "Local volatility in the Heston model: a Malliavin calculus approach," International Journal of Stochastic Analysis, Hindawi, vol. 2005, pages 1-16, January.
    20. Dirk Tasche, 2007. "Capital Allocation to Business Units and Sub-Portfolios: the Euler Principle," Papers 0708.2542, arXiv.org, revised Jun 2008.
    21. Takaaki Koike & Mihoko Minami, 2017. "Estimation of Risk Contributions with MCMC," Papers 1702.03098, arXiv.org, revised Jan 2019.
    22. Takaaki Koike & Marius Hofert, 2020. "Markov Chain Monte Carlo Methods for Estimating Systemic Risk Allocations," Risks, MDPI, vol. 8(1), pages 1-33, January.
    23. Eric Fournié & Jean-Michel Lasry & Pierre-Louis Lions & Jérôme Lebuchoux & Nizar Touzi, 1999. "Applications of Malliavin calculus to Monte Carlo methods in finance," Finance and Stochastics, Springer, vol. 3(4), pages 391-412.
    24. Susanne Emmer & Marie Kratz & Dirk Tasche, 2013. "What is the best risk measure in practice? A comparison of standard measures," Papers 1312.1645, arXiv.org, revised Apr 2015.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Silvana M. Pesenti & Pietro Millossovich & Andreas Tsanakas, 2023. "Differential Sensitivity in Discontinuous Models," Papers 2310.06151, arXiv.org.
    2. Takaaki Koike & Cathy W. S. Chen & Edward M. H. Lin, 2024. "Forecasting and Backtesting Gradient Allocations of Expected Shortfall," Papers 2401.11701, arXiv.org.
    3. Akif Ince & Ilaria Peri & Silvana Pesenti, 2021. "Risk contributions of lambda quantiles," Papers 2106.14824, arXiv.org, revised Nov 2022.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Koike, Takaaki & Hofert, Marius, 2021. "Modality for scenario analysis and maximum likelihood allocation," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 24-43.
    2. Takaaki Koike & Marius Hofert, 2020. "Modality for Scenario Analysis and Maximum Likelihood Allocation," Papers 2005.02950, arXiv.org, revised Nov 2020.
    3. Takaaki Koike & Marius Hofert, 2019. "Markov Chain Monte Carlo Methods for Estimating Systemic Risk Allocations," Papers 1909.11794, arXiv.org, revised May 2020.
    4. Takaaki Koike & Marius Hofert, 2020. "Markov Chain Monte Carlo Methods for Estimating Systemic Risk Allocations," Risks, MDPI, vol. 8(1), pages 1-33, January.
    5. Targino, Rodrigo S. & Peters, Gareth W. & Shevchenko, Pavel V., 2015. "Sequential Monte Carlo Samplers for capital allocation under copula-dependent risk models," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 206-226.
    6. Ji, Liuyan & Tan, Ken Seng & Yang, Fan, 2021. "Tail dependence and heavy tailedness in extreme risks," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 282-293.
    7. Guangwu Liu, 2015. "Simulating Risk Contributions of Credit Portfolios," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 63(1), pages 104-121, February.
    8. Paulusch, Joachim & Schlütter, Sebastian, 2022. "Sensitivity-implied tail-correlation matrices," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
    9. Kellner, Ralf & Rösch, Daniel, 2016. "Quantifying market risk with Value-at-Risk or Expected Shortfall? – Consequences for capital requirements and model risk," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 45-63.
    10. Makam, Vaishno Devi & Millossovich, Pietro & Tsanakas, Andreas, 2021. "Sensitivity analysis with χ2-divergences," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 100(C), pages 372-383.
    11. Pesenti, Silvana M. & Tsanakas, Andreas & Millossovich, Pietro, 2018. "Euler allocations in the presence of non-linear reinsurance: Comment on Major (2018)," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 29-31.
    12. Aigner, Philipp & Schlütter, Sebastian, 2023. "Enhancing gradient capital allocation with orthogonal convexity scenarios," ICIR Working Paper Series 47/23, Goethe University Frankfurt, International Center for Insurance Regulation (ICIR).
    13. Pesenti, Silvana M. & Millossovich, Pietro & Tsanakas, Andreas, 2019. "Reverse sensitivity testing: What does it take to break the model?," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 274(2), pages 654-670.
    14. Tadese, Mekonnen & Drapeau, Samuel, 2020. "Relative bound and asymptotic comparison of expectile with respect to expected shortfall," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 93(C), pages 387-399.
    15. Andreas Tsanakas & Pietro Millossovich, 2016. "Sensitivity Analysis Using Risk Measures," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 36(1), pages 30-48, January.
    16. He, Zhijian, 2022. "Sensitivity estimation of conditional value at risk using randomized quasi-Monte Carlo," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 298(1), pages 229-242.
    17. Kao, Lie-Jane, 2015. "A portfolio-invariant capital allocation scheme penalizing concentration risk," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 560-570.
    18. Yongqiang Wang & Michael C. Fu & Steven I. Marcus, 2012. "A New Stochastic Derivative Estimator for Discontinuous Payoff Functions with Application to Financial Derivatives," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 60(2), pages 447-460, April.
    19. Jaume Belles-Sampera & Montserrat Guillen & Miguel Santolino, 2023. "Haircut Capital Allocation as the Solution of a Quadratic Optimisation Problem," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(18), pages 1-17, September.
    20. Zhenyu Cui & Michael C. Fu & Jian-Qiang Hu & Yanchu Liu & Yijie Peng & Lingjiong Zhu, 2020. "On the Variance of Single-Run Unbiased Stochastic Derivative Estimators," INFORMS Journal on Computing, INFORMS, vol. 32(2), pages 390-407, April.

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • C15 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General - - - Statistical Simulation Methods: General
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G22 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Insurance; Insurance Companies; Actuarial Studies

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:arx:papers:2004.13235. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: arXiv administrators (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://arxiv.org/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.