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Impactos Ambientais Da Vinhaça: Controvérsias Científicas E Lock-In Na Fertirrigação?

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  • Corazza, Rosana Icassatti

Abstract

Até a década de 1970, as principais destinações da vinhaça, ou vinhoto (sub-produto da fabricação do etanol) eram os mananciais de superfície e "áreas de sacrifício". Com o extraordinário aumento da produção do resíduo, com a implementação do ProAlcool, e ainda com a proibição legal do lançamento da vinhaça nos cursos d´água, no final dos anos 70, esforços passaram a ser envidados no sentido de se desenvolver possibilidades tecnológicas para sua destinação. Ao longo de duas décadas, muitas possibilidades tecnológicas foram objeto de pesquisa e desenvolvimento. A despeito disso, em meados dos anos 80 a fertirrigação se colocava como a alternativa mais amplamente difundida e o problema se colocava como resolvido. Neste artigo, empreendemos um estudo de formação de trajetória tecnológica a partir de tomadas de decisão públicas e, em certa extensão, privadas, adotadas para a solução do problema da destinação da vinhaça e para o desenvolvimento de novas tecnologias. Três aspectos são particularmente analisados: a caracterização do problema da vinhaça (em suas várias dimensões: histórica, econômica, ambiental e científico-social); o ambiente seletivo relevante que atuou na determinação da trajetória vencedora; e o lock-in na fertirrigação. As demais linhas de pesquisa, em particular a da digestão anaeróbia - que havia acalentado tantas esperanças quanto ao fortalecimento do paradigma - foram de forma mais ou menos importante desmobilizadas. Entretanto, as possibilidades de salinização dos solos e de contaminação de lençóis freáticos pela continuidade da prática da fertirrigação não foram afastadas e fazem crer que talvez essas desmobilizações tenham sido prematuras.

Suggested Citation

  • Corazza, Rosana Icassatti, 2006. "Impactos Ambientais Da Vinhaça: Controvérsias Científicas E Lock-In Na Fertirrigação?," 44th Congress, July 23-27, 2006, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil 147314, Sociedade Brasileira de Economia, Administracao e Sociologia Rural (SOBER).
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:sobr06:147314
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.147314
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Dosi, Giovanni, 1993. "Technological paradigms and technological trajectories : A suggested interpretation of the determinants and directions of technical change," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 22(2), pages 102-103, April.
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