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Dynamiques des entreprises agroalimentaires (EAA) du Languedoc-Roussillon : évolutions 1998-2010

Author

Listed:
  • Domergue, M. (éd.)
  • Couderc, J.P. (éd.)
  • Rivière-Giordano, G. (éd.)
  • Maurel, C. (éd.)

Abstract

After the two studies of 1998 and 2003, the latest “EAA-LR” research, undertaken in 2010 and based on the results of 2009, is permeated by a context of recession, both economic and agricultural, and even more apparent than during the 2003 study, having particularly affected the wine growing sector. Despite this context the turnover for the food processing industry has remained more-or-less stable (in constant currency) since 2002, attaining 8.6 billion Euros. The results of this study on the dynamics of EAA-LR demonstrate several major developments in the Food processing industry over this 12 year period, of which we will focus specifically on the following points : 1. A Reduction in the number of establishments (-33% in 12 years), but becoming increasingly large in size (The average number of employees per establishment has changed from 14 to 22 between 1997 and 2009). The first response of regional food industry businesses to the economic crisis has been concentration, with size being an essential part in the improving of competitiveness, allowing for economies of scale, larger investment in materials and also intangible factors (research and innovation programs, implementation of a marketing policy or even a set-up of an exporting presence) 2. An upheaval in the relative weight of different sectors, with a loss of speed for traditional sectors, the main “levers for local agriculture”, such as the “wine” sector and the “fruits and vegetables” sector. Alongside this, “cereal derived products” and “miscellaneous products”, less traditional for the region (and above all requiring less regional agricultural raw materials) have largely increased their sales and are now placed in 2nd or 3rd place regionally, with establishments appearing particularly concentrated. 3. A net increase in exportation, which has progressed by 36% for the period of 2002-2009, establishing itself at 1.5 billion Euros (or 18% of the regional turnover). The 3 exporting sectors being “wine”, “cereal derived products” and “fruits and vegetables”, especially for the latter due to the Saint Charles International market. The destinations for export have also developed since we can see a large increase in destinations outside the European Union, and in particular to Asia and North America. The articles published in this collection propose an analysis on the themes of industrial sectors, branding strategy, innovation, sustainable development, export, logistics, financial performance, business sustainability and finally the specificity of the cooperative sector, so that the strategies of EAA’s and their dynamics can clearly be understood. ...French Abstract : Après les deux enquêtes de 1998 et de 2003, cette dernière enquête « EAA-LR », réalisée en 2010 sur les résultats de l’année 2009, est teintée par un contexte de crise, conjuguant crise économique et agricole, plus marquée encore que lors de l’enquête de 2003, et ayant particulièrement affecté la filière vitivinicole en région. Malgré ce contexte, le chiffre d’affaires de la sphère agroalimentaire est resté quasiment stable en euros constants depuis 2002, atteignant les 8,6 milliards d’euros. Les résultats de cette étude sur les dynamiques des EAA-LR nous renseignent sur plusieurs évolutions majeures de la sphère agroalimentaire sur cette période de 12 ans, parmi lesquelles nous retiendrons principalement : 1. Une diminution du nombre d’établissements qui composent la population (- 33 % en 12 ans), avec des établissements de moins en moins nombreux mais de plus en plus gros (l’effectif salarié moyen par établissement est passé de 14 à 22 salariés entre 1997 et 2009). La première réponse des entreprises agroalimentaires régionales à la crise est donc la concentration, la taille étant un élément essentiel d’amélioration de la compétitivité, puisqu’elle permet de réaliser des économies d’échelle, ainsi que d’importants investissements matériels, mais aussi immatériels (développement de programmes de recherche et d’innovation, mise en place d’une politique marketing ou encore d’assurer une présence à l’export) 2. Un bouleversement du poids relatif des différentes filières, avec la perte de vitesse des filières traditionnelles, principaux « moteurs de l’agriculture locale », telles la filière « vins » et la filière « fruits et légumes » Parallèlement, les filières « dérivés de céréales » et « produits divers », moins « traditionnelles » pour la région (et surtout moins consommatrices de matières premières agricoles régionales) ont largement développé leurs ventes et se placent aujourd’hui au 2ème et 3ème rang régional, avec des établissements qui se sont particulièrement concentrés. 3. Un net accroissement de l’export, qui progresse de 36% sur la période 2002 – 2009 pour s’établir à 1,5 milliard d’euros (soit 18% du CA régional), les 3 filières exportatrices étant les filières « vins », « dérivés de céréales » et « fruits et légumes », en particulier pour cette dernière grâce au marché Saint Charles International. Les destinations d’export évoluent également, puisqu’on note une forte hausse des destinations lointaines, hors Union Européenne et en particulier l’Asie et l’Amérique du nord. Les articles publiés dans cet ouvrage proposent des analyses sur les thèmes des filières, des stratégies de marques, de l’innovation, du développement durable, de l’export, de la logistique, des performances financières, de la pérennité des entreprises et enfin des spécificités du secteur coopératif, afin de donner des clés de compréhension des stratégies des EAA et de leurs dynamiques.

Suggested Citation

  • Domergue, M. (éd.) & Couderc, J.P. (éd.) & Rivière-Giordano, G. (éd.) & Maurel, C. (éd.), 2012. "Dynamiques des entreprises agroalimentaires (EAA) du Languedoc-Roussillon : évolutions 1998-2010," Research serial MoISA, UMR MoISA : Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (social and nutritional sciences): CIHEAM-IAMM, CIRAD, INRAE, L'Institut Agro, Montpellier SupAgro, IRD - Montpellier, France, number 201208, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:umr:ecbook:201208
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    ENTREPRISE AGROALIMENTAIRE; FILIERE; STRATEGIES DE MARQUE; INNOVATION; DEVELOPPEMENT DURABLE; EXPORT; LOGISTIQUE; PERFORMANCES FINANCIERES; SECTEUR COOPERATIF; STRATEGIE DE L’ENTREPRISE; INSTRIAL SECTORS; BRANDING STRATEGY; SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT; LOGISTICS; FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE; BUSINESS SUSTAINABILITY; COOPERATIVE SECTOR; LANGUEDOC-ROUSSILLON; FRANCE;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • L66 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Manufacturing - - - Food; Beverages; Cosmetics; Tobacco
    • M13 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Business Administration - - - New Firms; Startups
    • M14 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Business Administration - - - Corporate Culture; Diversity; Social Responsibility
    • M31 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Marketing and Advertising - - - Marketing
    • M41 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Accounting - - - Accounting
    • M10 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Business Administration - - - General
    • O16 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Financial Markets; Saving and Capital Investment; Corporate Finance and Governance
    • O31 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives
    • O33 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences; Diffusion Processes
    • Q13 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Agricultural Markets and Marketing; Cooperatives; Agribusiness
    • Q55 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Environmental Economics: Technological Innovation

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