IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/zbw/iwktre/156801.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Die sozialpolitischen Reformen der USA in den 90er Jahren und ihre Wirkungen

Author

Listed:
  • Peter, Waltraut

Abstract

Arbeit ist die nachhaltigste Strategie gegen Armut. Dieser Grundsatz prägte die sozialpolitischen Reformen, die in den USA während der 90er-Jahre durchgeführt worden sind. Dementsprechend wurde die negative Einkommensteuer zum wichtigsten Instrument der Armutsbekämpfung ausgebaut. Außerdem wurden Sozialhilfeleistungen an die Aufnahme einer Beschäftigung gekoppelt und zeitlich befristet. Gemessen an ihren Zielen, Armut zu mindern, Erwerbstätigkeit zu fördern und Sozialhilfeabhängigkeit abzubauen, waren die amerikanischen Reformen überaus erfolgreich. Die Armutsrate ist merklich zurückgegangen, die Erwerbsbeteiligung ist gestiegen, und die Zahl der Sozialhilfeempfänger hat sich seit Mitte der 90er-Jahre halbiert. Insofern sind die amerikanischen Erfahrungen bei den fälligen Reformen des deutschen Sozialsystems und des Arbeitsmarktes beachtenswert.

Suggested Citation

  • Peter, Waltraut, 2001. "Die sozialpolitischen Reformen der USA in den 90er Jahren und ihre Wirkungen," IW-Trends – Vierteljahresschrift zur empirischen Wirtschaftsforschung, Institut der deutschen Wirtschaft (IW) / German Economic Institute, vol. 28(2), pages 87-103.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:iwktre:156801
    DOI: 10.2373/1864-810X.01-02-06
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/156801/1/iw-trends-v28-i2-a6.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.2373/1864-810X.01-02-06?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Rebecca M. Blank, 2000. "Distinguished Lecture on Economics in Government: Fighting Poverty: Lessons from Recent U.S. History," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 14(2), pages 3-19, Spring.
    2. Peter, Waltraut, 2000. "Das deutsche Sozialhilfesystem: Im Spannungsfeld zwischen sozialer Fürsorge und Hilfe zur Arbeit," IW-Trends – Vierteljahresschrift zur empirischen Wirtschaftsforschung, Institut der deutschen Wirtschaft (IW) / German Economic Institute, vol. 27(2), pages 57-70.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Waltraud Peter, 2003. "US social welfare reform: Six years experience," ifo Schnelldienst, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 56(05), pages 37-41, March.
    2. Peter, Waltraut, 2002. "Das Wisconsin-Works-Modell: Vorbild für eine Reform der deutschen Sozialhilfe?," IW-Trends – Vierteljahresschrift zur empirischen Wirtschaftsforschung, Institut der deutschen Wirtschaft (IW) / German Economic Institute, vol. 29(2), pages 55-62.
    3. Wolfgang Ochel, 2002. "Welfare to Work in the US: A Model for Germany?," FinanzArchiv: Public Finance Analysis, Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen, vol. 59(1), pages 91-119, February.
    4. Peter, Waltraut, 2010. "US-Sozialpolitik in Zeiten der Krise," IW-Trends – Vierteljahresschrift zur empirischen Wirtschaftsforschung, Institut der deutschen Wirtschaft (IW) / German Economic Institute, vol. 37(4), pages 33-48.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Sang-Yong Sim, 2018. "A Comparative Study of the Institutional Factors Influencing Working Poverty: Focusing on Two-parent Households in Developed OECD Countries," LIS Working papers 676, LIS Cross-National Data Center in Luxembourg.
    2. Peter Lindert, 2003. "Why The Welfare State Looks Like a Free Lunch," Working Papers 59, University of California, Davis, Department of Economics.
    3. Neeraj Kaushal & Qin Gao & Jane Waldfogel, 2006. "Welfare Reform and Family Expenditures: How are Single Mothers Adapting to the New Welfare and Work Regime?," NBER Working Papers 12624, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    4. Francine D. Blau & Lawrence M. Kahn, 2006. "The U.S. Gender Pay Gap in the 1990S: Slowing Convergence," ILR Review, Cornell University, ILR School, vol. 60(1), pages 45-66, October.
    5. repec:pri:indrel:dsp01gb19f581g is not listed on IDEAS
    6. Bergolo, M. & Cruces, G., 2021. "The anatomy of behavioral responses to social assistance when informal employment is high," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 193(C).
    7. Denise Kall & David Brady, 2007. "Nearly Universal, but Somewhat Distinct: The Feminization of Poverty in Affluent Western Democracies, 1969-2000," LIS Working papers 462, LIS Cross-National Data Center in Luxembourg.
    8. T. M. Tonmoy Islam, 2016. "Estimating the Elasticity of Growth in the US Using the Generalized Means of Income," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 129(1), pages 95-112, October.
    9. Carlos Gradin & Olga Canto & Coral del Rio, 2012. "Measuring employment deprivation among households in the EU," Working Papers 247, ECINEQ, Society for the Study of Economic Inequality.
    10. Cat Moody, 2006. "Migration and Economic Growth: a 21st Century Perspective," Treasury Working Paper Series 06/02, New Zealand Treasury.
    11. Christensen, Björn, 2001. "Mismatch-Arbeitslosigkeit unter Geringqualifizierten (Mismatch-unemployment among the low-skilled)," Mitteilungen aus der Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany], vol. 34(4), pages 506-514.
    12. Christensen, Björn, 2003. "Anspruchslohn und Arbeitslosigkeit in Deutschland (Reservation wage and unemployment in Germany)," Mitteilungen aus der Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany], vol. 36(4), pages 573-598.
    13. David Brady, 2004. "The Welfare State and Relative Poverty in Rich Western Democracies, 1967-1997," LIS Working papers 390, LIS Cross-National Data Center in Luxembourg.
    14. Christensen, Björn, 2001. "Mismatch-Arbeitslosigkeit unter Geringqualifizierten (Mismatch-unemployment among the low-skilled)," Mitteilungen aus der Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany], vol. 34(4), pages 506-514.
    15. Waltraud Peter, 2003. "US social welfare reform: Six years experience," ifo Schnelldienst, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 56(05), pages 37-41, March.
    16. Helmut Rainer & Stefan Bauernschuster & Natalia Danzer & Timo Hener & Christian Holzner & Janina Reinkowski, 2013. "Kindergeld," ifo Forschungsberichte, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, number 60.
    17. Douglas S. Noonan & Abdul‐Akeem A. Sadiq, 2018. "Flood Risk Management: Exploring the Impacts of the Community Rating System Program on Poverty and Income Inequality," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 38(3), pages 489-503, March.
    18. Christensen, Björn, 2003. "Anspruchslohn und Arbeitslosigkeit in Deutschland (Reservation wage and unemployment in Germany)," Mitteilungen aus der Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany], vol. 36(4), pages 573-598.
    19. Wolfgang Ochel, 2002. "Welfare to Work in the US: A Model for Germany?," FinanzArchiv: Public Finance Analysis, Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen, vol. 59(1), pages 91-119, February.
    20. Berthold, Norbert & von Berchem, Sascha, 2003. "Die Sozialhilfe zwischen Effizienz und Gerechtigkeit: wie kann der Spagat gelingen?," Discussion Paper Series 62, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Chair of Economic Order and Social Policy.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:zbw:iwktre:156801. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/iwkolde.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.