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Age‐ and health‐related non‐linear inheritance taxation

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  • Marie‐Louise Leroux
  • Pierre Pestieau

Abstract

This paper studies the design of optimal non linear bequest taxation when individuals differ in wage, survival and probability to become dependent at the old age. Following the recent health and economic literature, we assume that agents with higher wage have higher survival chances and lower risks to become dependent. Agents make precautionary savings for their old age taking into account the uncertainty on their health. They exhibit joy of giving utility, so that they also set aside money for their heirs. In the absence of annuity and long‐term care (LTC) insurance markets, heirs obtain different levels of bequests, depending on whether the donor died early or late in life and whether he was healthy at time of death. We assume that the government does not observe the decomposition of bequests between voluntary and involuntary ones. Instead, it observes the timing of death and the health condition at death of the donor. We show that, under asymmetric information, on top of marginal income taxation, the bequests left by low‐income individuals in case of early death should be taxed at the margin. To the opposite, bequests obtained later in life need not be taxed or subsidized at the margin. Imposition sur les successions non linéaire liée à l'âge et à la santé. Cet article étudie la taxation non linéaire optimale de legs lorsque les individus diffèrent en terme de salaire, de survie et de probabilité de devenir dépendant en vieillissant. Conformément aux récentes études sur la santé et l'économie, nous supposons que les agents ayant un salaire supérieur ont de meilleures chances de survie et un risque inférieur de devenir dépendants. Les agents procèdent à de l'épargne de précaution pour leurs vieux jours en tenant compte de l'incertitude liée à leur état de santé. Ils retirent aussi de l'utilité à donner, de sorte qu'ils placent également de l'argent de côté pour leurs héritiers. En l'absence de marchés d'annuités et d'assurance de soins de longue durée, les héritiers obtiennent des valeurs différentes de legs, selon l'âge auquel est mort le donateur et son état de santé au moment du décès. Nous supposons que le gouvernement n'observe pas la décomposition des legs entre les legs volontaires et involontaires. Il observe plutôt le moment du décès et l'état de santé au décès du donateur. Nous démontrons que, lorsque l'information est asymétrique, en plus de l'impôt marginal sur le revenu, les legs laissés par des particuliers à faible revenu en cas de décès précoce devraient être taxés à la marge. À l'opposé, les legs obtenus plus tard au cours de la vie n'ont pas besoin d'être taxés ou subventionnés à la marge.

Suggested Citation

  • Marie‐Louise Leroux & Pierre Pestieau, 2023. "Age‐ and health‐related non‐linear inheritance taxation," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 56(3), pages 897-912, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:canjec:v:56:y:2023:i:3:p:897-912
    DOI: 10.1111/caje.12673
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    References listed on IDEAS

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