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Inflation, nominal portfolios, and wealth redistribution in Canada

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  • Césaire A. Meh
  • Yaz Terajima

Abstract

This paper quantifies the redistributional effects of inflation in Canada that arise through the revaluation of nominal assets and liabilities. We find that the effects are non‐trivial even for low inflation episodes. The main winners are young, middle‐class households with mortgage debt. The government receives a windfall gain from its long‐term debt. The old, the rich or the middle‐aged, middle‐class lose, largely owing to their holdings of bonds and non‐indexed defined benefit pension assets. Finally, our Canada‐U.S. comparison reveals that the extent of redistributions can be quite different even between countries of similar economic and legal environments. Ce texte quantifie les effets de redistribution de la richesse de l’inflation au Canada attribuable à la réévaluation des actifs et des dettes nominaux. On découvre que ces effets ne sont pas insignifiants même pour des épisodes de faible inflation. Le gouvernement encaisse un gain inattendu de sa dette à long terme. Les plus vieux, les riches ou la classe moyenne d’âge moyen essuient des pertes à cause des obligations qu’ils détiennent et des actifs non‐indexés dans leurs régimes de rentes à prestations définies. Finalement, les comparaisons Canada‐États‐Unis montrent que l’importance de la redistribution peut être fort différente même entre deux pays où les environnements économiques et légaux se ressemblent.

Suggested Citation

  • Césaire A. Meh & Yaz Terajima, 2011. "Inflation, nominal portfolios, and wealth redistribution in Canada," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 44(4), pages 1369-1402, November.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:canjec:v:44:y:2011:i:4:p:1369-1402
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-5982.2011.01678.x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Hatcher, Michael, 2014. "Indexed versus nominal government debt under inflation and price-level targeting," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 45(C), pages 126-145.
    2. Kryvtsov, Oleksiy & Shukayev, Malik & Ueberfeldt, Alexander, 2011. "Optimal monetary policy under incomplete markets and aggregate uncertainty: A long-run perspective," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 35(7), pages 1045-1060, July.
    3. Garriga, Carlos & Kydland, Finn E. & Šustek, Roman, 2021. "MoNK: Mortgages in a New-Keynesian model," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 123(C).
    4. Cao, Shutao & Meh, Césaire A. & Ríos-Rull, José-Víctor & Terajima, Yaz, 2021. "The welfare cost of inflation revisited: The role of financial innovation and household heterogeneity," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 118(C), pages 366-380.
    5. Mehdi El Herradi & Jakob Haan & Aurélien Leroy, 2023. "Inflation and the Income Share of the Rich: Evidence for 14 OECD Countries," Review of Income and Wealth, International Association for Research in Income and Wealth, vol. 69(1), pages 170-194, March.
    6. Mehdi el Herradi & Jakob de Haan & Aurélien Leroy, 2020. "Inflation and the Income Share of the Rich: Evidence for 12 OECD Countries," CESifo Working Paper Series 8203, CESifo.
    7. Gorodnichenko, Yuriy & Song, Jae & Stolyarov, Dmitriy, 2013. "Macroeconomic Determinants of Retirement Timing," IZA Discussion Papers 7744, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    8. Rodrigo Lluberas & Juan Odriozola, 2015. "Inflation, currency depreciation and households balance sheet in Uruguay," Documentos de trabajo 2015009, Banco Central del Uruguay.
    9. Zhandos Ybrayev, 2022. "Distributional Consequences of Monetary Policy in Emerging Economies: Dollarization, Domestic Inflation, and Income Divergence," Comparative Economic Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Association for Comparative Economic Studies, vol. 64(2), pages 186-210, June.
    10. Martin Kuncl & Alexander Ueberfeldt, 2021. "Monetary Policy and the Persistent Aggregate Effects of Wealth Redistribution," Staff Working Papers 21-38, Bank of Canada.

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