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Sex Differences in Work Experiences and Work Outcomes among Egyptian Managers and Professionals: An Exploratory Study

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  • Burke Ronald J.

    (York University)

  • El-Kot Ghada

    (Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Marine Transport)

  • Wolpin Jacob

    (Independent Consultant)

Abstract

This research examined potential sex differences in work experiences and work outcomes in a sample of Egyptian managers and professionals. Relatively little research has been undertaken on potential sex differences in human resource management in Egyptian organizations and even less during and following the Arab spring. Data were collected from 121 managerial and professional employees, 77 males and 44 females, using anonymously completed questionnaires. Respondents were relatively young, had university educations, had short job and organizational tenures, and held lower level -management jobs. All measures employed here had been used and validated previously by other researchers. Work experiences included supervisor empowerment behaviors and levels of personal empowerment. Work and well-being outcomes included job satisfaction, organizational commitment, work engagement, exhibiting voice behaviors, workplace learning opportunities, intent to quit and employee health symptoms. Significant sex differences were present on most personal demographic and work situation characteristics: men were at higher organizational levels, earned more money, were older and had longer organizational tenures, among others. There were fewer significant sex differences on work experiences and work outcomes. When differences were observed here, women indicated less positive responses.

Suggested Citation

  • Burke Ronald J. & El-Kot Ghada & Wolpin Jacob, 2016. "Sex Differences in Work Experiences and Work Outcomes among Egyptian Managers and Professionals: An Exploratory Study," Journal of Intercultural Management, Sciendo, vol. 8(1), pages 7-29, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:vrs:joinma:v:8:y:2016:i:1:p:7-29:n:1
    DOI: 10.1515/joim-2016-0001
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yusuf Sidani & Jon Thornberry, 2010. "The Current Arab Work Ethic: Antecedents, Implications, and Potential Remedies," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 91(1), pages 35-49, January.
    2. Fatma El-Hamidi & Mona Said, 2014. "Gender-based wage and occupational inequality in the new millenium in Egypt," Journal of Developing Areas, Tennessee State University, College of Business, vol. 48(1), pages 21-41, January-M.
    3. Wilmar Schaufeli & Marisa Salanova & Vicente González-romá & Arnold Bakker, 2002. "The Measurement of Engagement and Burnout: A Two Sample Confirmatory Factor Analytic Approach," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 3(1), pages 71-92, March.
    4. Rana Hendy, 2015. "Women's Participation in the Egyptian Labor Market: 1998-2012," Working Papers 907, Economic Research Forum, revised May 2015.
    5. Yusuf Sidani & Dima Jamali, 2010. "The Egyptian Worker: Work Beliefs and Attitudes," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 92(3), pages 433-450, March.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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