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Do Local Economic Conditions Affect Homelessness? Impact of Area Housing Market Factors, Unemployment, and Poverty on Community Homeless Rates

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  • Maria Hanratty

Abstract

This article estimates the impact of local housing and labor market conditions on area homelessness using the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development's (HUD’s) annual point-in-time counts of homelessness from 2007 to 2014. In cross-sectional models, the median rent, the share of households in rental housing, and the poverty rate have strong positive impacts on homelessness. Once area-fixed effects are included, only the median rent remains positive and significant. However, fixed-effect models find a positive relationship between poverty and homelessness in communities that maintain right-to-shelter policies, suggesting constraints in shelter bed supply may limit responses of homelessness to changes in economic conditions.

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  • Maria Hanratty, 2017. "Do Local Economic Conditions Affect Homelessness? Impact of Area Housing Market Factors, Unemployment, and Poverty on Community Homeless Rates," Housing Policy Debate, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 27(4), pages 640-655, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:houspd:v:27:y:2017:i:4:p:640-655
    DOI: 10.1080/10511482.2017.1282885
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    1. Fargo, J.D. & Munley, E.A. & Byrne, T.H. & Montgomery, A.E. & Culhane, D.P., 2013. "Community-level characteristics associated with variation in rates of homelessness among families and single adults," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 103(S2), pages 340-347.
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    4. Early Dirk W. & Olsen Edgar O., 2002. "Subsidized Housing, Emergency Shelters, and Homelessness: An Empirical Investigation Using Data from the 1990 Census," The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy, De Gruyter, vol. 2(1), pages 1-36, August.
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    1. Collins, Cyleste C. & Bai, Rong & Crampton, David & Fischer, Robert & D'Andrea, Rebecca & Dean, Kendra & Lalich, Nina & Chan, Tsui & Cherney, Emily, 2019. "Implementing housing first with families and young adults: challenges and progress toward self-sufficiency," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 34-46.
    2. Mzwandile Mabhala & Winifred Adaobi Esealuka & Amanda Nkolika Nwufo & Chinwe Enyinna & Chelsea Nonkosi Mabhala & Treasure Udechukwu & John Reid & Asmait Yohannes, 2021. "Homelessness Is Socially Created: Cluster Analysis of Social Determinants of Homelessness (SODH) in North West England in 2020," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(6), pages 1-14, March.
    3. Ulman Paweł & Ćwiek Małgorzata, 2020. "Housing Poverty in Polish Households and its Diversity," Folia Oeconomica Stetinensia, Sciendo, vol. 20(1), pages 437-455, June.
    4. J Ceasar Aguma, 2022. "A Matching Mechanism for Provision of Housing to the Marginalized," Papers 2203.01477, arXiv.org.
    5. William N. Evans & David C. Phillips & Krista Ruffini, 2021. "Policies To Reduce And Prevent Homelessness: What We Know And Gaps In The Research," Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 40(3), pages 914-963, June.
    6. Corinth, Kevin & Lucas, David S., 2018. "When warm and cold don’t mix: The implications of climate for the determinants of homelessness," Journal of Housing Economics, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 45-56.
    7. Ernest Uwayezu & Walter T. de Vries, 2020. "Access to Affordable Houses for the Low-Income Urban Dwellers in Kigali: Analysis Based on Sale Prices," Land, MDPI, vol. 9(3), pages 1-32, March.
    8. Jadidzadeh, Ali, 2022. "An Application of Smooth Transition Regression Models to Homeless Research," MPRA Paper 116356, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    9. Thomas H. Byrne & Benjamin F. Henwood & Anthony W. Orlando, 2021. "A Rising Tide Drowns Unstable Boats: How Inequality Creates Homelessness," The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, , vol. 693(1), pages 28-45, January.
    10. Haydar Karadağ, 2021. "Türkiye Ekonomisinde Bankalar Tarafından Verilen Konut Kredileri, Konut Satışları ve İşsizlik Arasındaki İlişki (2010:Q1-2020:Q3)," Journal of Social Policy Conferences, Istanbul University, Faculty of Economics, vol. 0(80), pages 403-422, June.
    11. Kevin Corinth & Grace Finley, 2020. "The geography of unsheltered homelessness in the city: Evidence from “311” calls in New York," Journal of Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 60(4), pages 628-652, September.
    12. Yue Wang & Honggen Zhu & Noshaba Aziz & Yu Liu, 2023. "Does Social Capital Improve the Effectiveness of Public Service? An Insight from Rural-to-Urban Migrants in China," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 165(2), pages 431-452, January.
    13. Ron Kneebone & Margarita Wilkins, 2021. "Local Conditions and the Prevalence of Homelessness in Canada," SPP Research Papers, The School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, vol. 14(28), October.
    14. Barrett A. Lee & Marybeth Shinn & Dennis P. Culhane, 2021. "Homelessness as a Moving Target," The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, , vol. 693(1), pages 8-26, January.

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