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Ist ökologischer oder konventioneller Landbau besser für die Biodiversität?
[Is Organic or Conventional Farming Better for Biodiversity?]

Author

Listed:
  • Rainer Maurer

    (Hochschule Pforzheim)

Abstract

Zusammenfassung Ökologischer und konventioneller Landbau wirken sich unterschiedlich auf die Biodiversität aus. Zwei gegenläufige Effekte sind dabei zu berücksichtigen: Die höhere Biodiversität auf den Flächen des ökologischen Landbaus und der geringere Flächenverbrauch des konventionellen Landbaus. Eine Bewertung beider Effekte auf der Basis empirischer Daten zeigt, dass die höhere Biodiversität auf ökologisch bestellten Flächen nicht ausreicht, um den höheren Flächenverbrauch des ökologischen Landbaus auszugleichen: So sinkt bei einer vollständigen Umstellung auf ökologischen Landbau der Ertrag im Vergleich zum konventionellen Landbau um mindestens 50 %, während die Gesamtbiodiversität um ca. 108 % ansteigen würde. Bei einer ertragsgleichen Reduzierung des konventionellen Landbaus könnten dagegen 50 % der jetzigen Nutzfläche renaturiert werden. Dies würde zu einem Anstieg der Gesamtbiodiversität um ca. 317 % führen.

Suggested Citation

  • Rainer Maurer, 2022. "Ist ökologischer oder konventioneller Landbau besser für die Biodiversität? [Is Organic or Conventional Farming Better for Biodiversity?]," Wirtschaftsdienst, Springer;ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 102(4), pages 303-309, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:wirtsc:v:102:y:2022:i:4:d:10.1007_s10273-022-3160-1
    DOI: 10.1007/s10273-022-3160-1
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. de Ponti, Tomek & Rijk, Bert & van Ittersum, Martin K., 2012. "The crop yield gap between organic and conventional agriculture," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 108(C), pages 1-9.
    2. Verena Seufert & Navin Ramankutty & Jonathan A. Foley, 2012. "Comparing the yields of organic and conventional agriculture," Nature, Nature, vol. 485(7397), pages 229-232, May.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Q51; Q54; Q55;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • Q51 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Valuation of Environmental Effects
    • Q54 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Climate; Natural Disasters and their Management; Global Warming
    • Q55 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Environmental Economics: Technological Innovation

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