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Water Quality Assessment Using Multivariate Statistical Methods—A Case Study: Melen River System (Turkey)

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  • Rabia Koklu
  • Bulent Sengorur
  • Bayram Topal

Abstract

This study is focused on water quality of Melen River (Turkey) and evaluation of 26 physical and chemical pollution data obtained five monitoring stations during the period 1995–2006. It presents the application of multivariate statistical methods to the data set, namely, principal component and factor analysis (PCA/FA), multiple regression analysis (MRA) and discriminant analysis (DA). The PCA/FA was employed to evaluate the high–low flow periods correlations of water quality parameters, while the principal factor analysis technique was used to extract the parameters that are most important in assessing high–low flow periods variations of river water quality. Latent factors were identified as responsible for data structure explaining 72–97% of the total variance of the each data sets. PCA/FA was supported with multiple regression analysis to determine the most important parameter in each factor. It examines the relation between a single dependent variable and a set of independent variables to best represent the relation in the each factor. Obtained important parameters provided us to determine the major pollution sources in Melen River Basin. So factors are conditionally named soil structure and erosion, domestic, municipal and industrial effluents, agricultural activities (fertilizer, irrigation water and livestock wastes), atmospheric deposition and seasonal effects factors. DA applied the data set to obtain the parameters responsible for temporal and spatial variations. Assessment of high–low flow period changes in surface water quality is an important aspect for evaluating temporal and spatial variations of river pollution. The aim of this study is illustration the usefulness of multivariate statistical analysis for evaluation of complex data sets, in Melen River water quality assessment identification of factors and pollution sources, for effective water quality management determination the spatial and temporal variations in water quality. Copyright The Author(s) 2010

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  • Rabia Koklu & Bulent Sengorur & Bayram Topal, 2010. "Water Quality Assessment Using Multivariate Statistical Methods—A Case Study: Melen River System (Turkey)," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 24(5), pages 959-978, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:waterr:v:24:y:2010:i:5:p:959-978
    DOI: 10.1007/s11269-009-9481-7
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Bahman Amiri & Kaneyuki Nakane, 2009. "Modeling the Linkage Between River Water Quality and Landscape Metrics in the Chugoku District of Japan," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 23(5), pages 931-956, March.
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    2. Lazhar Belkhiri & Tahoora Narany, 2015. "Using Multivariate Statistical Analysis, Geostatistical Techniques and Structural Equation Modeling to Identify Spatial Variability of Groundwater Quality," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 29(6), pages 2073-2089, April.
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    6. Jian Sha & Zeli Li & Dennis Swaney & Bongghi Hong & Wei Wang & Yuqiu Wang, 2014. "Application of a Bayesian Watershed Model Linking Multivariate Statistical Analysis to Support Watershed-Scale Nitrogen Management in China," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 28(11), pages 3681-3695, September.
    7. Yuankun Wang & Dong Sheng & Dong Wang & Huiqun Ma & Jichun Wu & Feng Xu, 2014. "Variable Fuzzy Set Theory to Assess Water Quality of the Meiliang Bay in Taihu Lake Basin," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 28(3), pages 867-880, February.
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    9. Ana Gomes & José Pires & Sónia Figueiredo & Rui Boaventura, 2014. "Optimization of River Water Quality Surveys by Multivariate Analysis of Physicochemical, Bacteriological and Ecotoxicological Data," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 28(5), pages 1345-1361, March.
    10. Lei Wan & Xiaohui Fan, 2018. "Water Quality of Inflows to the Everglades National Park over Three Decades (1985–2014) Analyzed by Multivariate Statistical Methods," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-12, August.
    11. Honglei Chen & Junbo Yang & Xiaohua Fu & Qingxing Zheng & Xinyu Song & Zeding Fu & Jiacheng Wang & Yingqi Liang & Hailong Yin & Zhiming Liu & Jie Jiang & He Wang & Xinxin Yang, 2022. "Water Quality Prediction Based on LSTM and Attention Mechanism: A Case Study of the Burnett River, Australia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-20, October.
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