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The contribution of the International Rice Genebank to varietal improvement and crop productivity in Eastern India

Author

Listed:
  • Donald Villanueva

    (International Rice Research Institute (IRRI))

  • Melinda Smale

    (Michigan State University)

  • Nelissa Jamora

    (Global Crop Diversity Trust (Crop Trust))

  • Grace Lee Capilit

    (International Rice Research Institute (IRRI))

  • Ruaraidh Sackville Hamilton

    (International Rice Research Institute (IRRI))

Abstract

Using survey dataset collected from nearly 9000 farmers along with pedigree and evaluation data, this study measures the contribution of the International Rice Genebank (IRG) to varietal improvement and rice productivity of farmers in Eastern India. We empirically test the relationship of ancestry to productivity changes while controlling for the effects of other farm inputs and environmental factors. Estimated coefficients indicate that a 10% increase in the genetic contribution of IRG accessions to an improved rice variety is associated with a yield increase of 27%. Through pedigree analysis, we also confirm that 45 to 77% of the genetic composition of improved rice varieties is derived from the genes of IRG accessions. Peta, Dee Geo Woo Gen, and Fortuna are the three most popular progenitors with definite IRG contribution. High genealogical diversity likely results from the crossing of germplasm received from multiple countries of origin, which also confer multiple, functional trait combinations in a released variety. Further, our calculations reveal that the average coefficient of parentage of all pairwise combinations among the 10 most adopted rice varieties is 0.0973, indicating a high degree of latent genetic diversity. Findings demonstrate the valuable contribution of the genetic resources conserved and distributed by IRG to the development of improved rice varieties.

Suggested Citation

  • Donald Villanueva & Melinda Smale & Nelissa Jamora & Grace Lee Capilit & Ruaraidh Sackville Hamilton, 2020. "The contribution of the International Rice Genebank to varietal improvement and crop productivity in Eastern India," Food Security: The Science, Sociology and Economics of Food Production and Access to Food, Springer;The International Society for Plant Pathology, vol. 12(5), pages 929-943, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:ssefpa:v:12:y:2020:i:5:d:10.1007_s12571-020-01036-9
    DOI: 10.1007/s12571-020-01036-9
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Melinda Smale & Joginder Singh & Salvatore Di Falco & Patricia Zambrano, 2008. "Wheat breeding, productivity and slow variety change: evidence from the Punjab of India after the Green Revolution ," Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society, vol. 52(4), pages 419-432, December.
    2. Evenson, Robert E & Gollin, Douglas, 1997. "Genetic Resources, International Organizations, and Improvement in Rice Varieties," Economic Development and Cultural Change, University of Chicago Press, vol. 45(3), pages 471-500, April.
    3. John M. Antle, 1987. "Econometric Estimation of Producers' Risk Attitudes," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 69(3), pages 509-522.
    4. Melinda Smale & Jason Hartell & Paul W. Heisey & Ben Senauer, 1998. "The Contribution of Genetic Resources and Diversity to Wheat Production in the Punjab of Pakistan," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 80(3), pages 482-493.
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