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Mapping inventive activity and technological change through patent analysis: A case study of India and China

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  • Sujit Bhattacharya

    (NISTADS National Institute of Science, Technology and Development Studies)

Abstract

The characteristics of Indian and Chinese patenting activity in the US patent system are examined by delineating two categories of patents; ‘nationally assigned’, and ‘invented not nationally assigned’ patents (not-nationally assigned patents in short). Further within the above two categories, patents are distinguished and analysed in terms of patent types: utility, design, and plant patents. Indian patents are mainly of utility type whereas China's activity falls in both utility and design.In the ‘nationally assigned’ patents, the different types of institutions involved and linkages are much higher for China. However, ‘not-nationally assigned’ patents of both the countries are dominated by industry and inter-institutional collaborations are sparse. Patents addressing technology sectors (analysis based on utility patents) do not exhibit major differences between the two categories in Chinese patents and address with varying degree all technology sectors. Unlike China, India's ‘nationally assigned’ patents are concentrated in chemical and drugs & medical whereas their ‘not-nationally assigned’ patents are similar to that of China in addressing technology sectors. In design patents, Chinese ‘nationally assigned’ patents mainly cover ornamental design of lighting equipments whereas their ‘not-nationally assigned’ patents are mainly in design equipment for production, distribution or transformation of energy. Further, few firms are active in design patents in both the categories. India's design activity is insignificant in both the categories. The paper concludes by examining the results in the policy context.

Suggested Citation

  • Sujit Bhattacharya, 2004. "Mapping inventive activity and technological change through patent analysis: A case study of India and China," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 61(3), pages 361-381, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:scient:v:61:y:2004:i:3:d:10.1023_b:scie.0000045115.23375.50
    DOI: 10.1023/B:SCIE.0000045115.23375.50
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    Cited by:

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    4. Pieter E. Stek, 2021. "Identifying spatial technology clusters from patenting concentrations using heat map kernel density estimation," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 126(2), pages 911-930, February.
    5. Hung, Shiu-Wan, 2009. "Development and innovation in the IT industries of India and China," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 31(1), pages 29-41.
    6. Jia Zheng & Zhi-yun Zhao & Xu Zhang & Dar-zen Chen & Mu-hsuan Huang & Xiao-ping Lei & Ze-yu Zhang & Yun-hua Zhao & Run-sheng Liu, 2011. "Industry evolution and key technologies in China based on patent analysis," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 87(1), pages 175-188, April.
    7. Chan-Yuan Wong & Xiao-Shan Yap, 2012. "Mapping technological innovations through patent analysis: a case study of foreign multinationals and indigenous firms in China," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 91(3), pages 773-787, June.
    8. Jia Zheng & Zhiyun Zhao & Xu Zhang & Mu-hsuan Huang & Dar-zen Chen, 2014. "Influences of counting methods on country rankings: a perspective from patent analysis," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 98(3), pages 2087-2102, March.
    9. Omwoyo Bosire Onyancha, 2020. "Towards a Knowledge Specialisation Index for Sub-Saharan Africa: an Informetrics Study," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 11(1), pages 373-389, March.
    10. Jun Peng Yuan & Wei Ping Yue & Cheng Su & Zheng Wu & Zheng Ma & Yun Tao Pan & Nan Ma & Zhi Yu Hu & Fei Shi & Zheng Lu Yu & Yi Shan Wu, 2010. "Patent activity on water pollution and treatment in China—a scientometric perspective," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 83(3), pages 639-651, June.
    11. Jia Zheng & Zhi-Yun Zhao & Xu Zhang & Dar-Zen Chen & Mu-Hsuan Huang & Xiao-Ping Lei & Ze-Yu Zhang & Yun-Hua Zhao, 2012. "International scientific and technological collaboration of China from 2004 to 2008: a perspective from paper and patent analysis," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 91(1), pages 65-80, April.
    12. Gao, Xia & Guan, Jiancheng, 2009. "A scale-independent analysis of the performance of the Chinese innovation system," Journal of Informetrics, Elsevier, vol. 3(4), pages 321-331.
    13. Wong, Chan-Yuan & Goh, Kim-Leng, 2010. "Growth behavior of publications and patents: A comparative study on selected Asian economies," Journal of Informetrics, Elsevier, vol. 4(4), pages 460-474.
    14. Chan-Yuan Wong & Kim-Leng Goh, 2012. "The pathway of development: science and technology of NIEs and selected Asian emerging economies," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 92(3), pages 523-548, September.
    15. Chan-Yuan Wong & Kim-Leng Goh, 2010. "Modeling the behaviour of science and technology: self-propagating growth in the diffusion process," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 84(3), pages 669-686, September.

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