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Factors determining the degree of gender equality within the European Union

Author

Listed:
  • Lars Carlsen

    (Awareness Center)

  • Rainer Bruggemann

    (Department of Ecohydrology, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries)

  • Marco Fattore

    (University of Milano-Bicocca)

Abstract

This paper aims to identify the major determinants of the structural differences in gender equality for EU countries, using tools from partial order theory on a system of 6 indicators, pertaining to the Sustainable Development Goal 5 “Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls”. The paper analyzes the gender equality partial orders, among EU countries, for years 2006, 2010 and 2017. Performing a sensitivity analysis, the pay gap indicator was disclosed as the most relevant source of differences across European nations, for each of the three years considered. Subsequently the paper focuses on the temporal evolution of gender equality in three specific countries, i.e., Denmark, Germany and the Czech Republic, studying which elementary dimensions has the strongest impact on its dynamics. Interestingly it turns out that, in different countries, different indicators play the major role (related to women’s political representation, for Denmark and Germany, and to care giving, for Czech Republic). These sensitivity analyses are performed using posetic tools, to avoid the possible information loss of an aggregative procedures, involving the computation of composite indicators. This constitutes a major methodological contribution of the paper.

Suggested Citation

  • Lars Carlsen & Rainer Bruggemann & Marco Fattore, 2023. "Factors determining the degree of gender equality within the European Union," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 57(2), pages 1483-1499, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:qualqt:v:57:y:2023:i:2:d:10.1007_s11135-022-01405-w
    DOI: 10.1007/s11135-022-01405-w
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Giuseppe Munda, 2008. "Social Multi-Criteria Evaluation for a Sustainable Economy," Springer Books, Springer, number 978-3-540-73703-2, December.
    2. Lars Carlsen & Rainer Bruggemann, 2021. "Gender Equality in Europe: The Development of the Sustainable Development Goal No. 5 Illustrated by Exemplary Cases," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 158(3), pages 1127-1151, December.
    3. Paola Annoni & Rainer Bruggemann & Lars Carlsen, 2015. "A multidimensional view on poverty in the European Union by partial order theory," Journal of Applied Statistics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 42(3), pages 535-554, March.
    4. Rainer Bruggemann & Lars Carlsen, 2021. "Attempt to test impact values for multi-indicator systems—exemplified by gender equality," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 55(6), pages 2219-2235, December.
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