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Single- and Multiple-Group Penalized Factor Analysis: A Trust-Region Algorithm Approach with Integrated Automatic Multiple Tuning Parameter Selection

Author

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  • Elena Geminiani

    (University of Bologna)

  • Giampiero Marra

    (University College London)

  • Irini Moustaki

    (London School of Economics and Political Science)

Abstract

Penalized factor analysis is an efficient technique that produces a factor loading matrix with many zero elements thanks to the introduction of sparsity-inducing penalties within the estimation process. However, sparse solutions and stable model selection procedures are only possible if the employed penalty is non-differentiable, which poses certain theoretical and computational challenges. This article proposes a general penalized likelihood-based estimation approach for single- and multiple-group factor analysis models. The framework builds upon differentiable approximations of non-differentiable penalties, a theoretically founded definition of degrees of freedom, and an algorithm with integrated automatic multiple tuning parameter selection that exploits second-order analytical derivative information. The proposed approach is evaluated in two simulation studies and illustrated using a real data set. All the necessary routines are integrated into the R package penfa.

Suggested Citation

  • Elena Geminiani & Giampiero Marra & Irini Moustaki, 2021. "Single- and Multiple-Group Penalized Factor Analysis: A Trust-Region Algorithm Approach with Integrated Automatic Multiple Tuning Parameter Selection," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 86(1), pages 65-95, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:psycho:v:86:y:2021:i:1:d:10.1007_s11336-021-09751-8
    DOI: 10.1007/s11336-021-09751-8
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Xinyi Liu & Gabriel Wallin & Yunxiao Chen & Irini Moustaki, 2023. "Rotation to Sparse Loadings Using $$L^p$$ L p Losses and Related Inference Problems," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 88(2), pages 527-553, June.
    2. Liu, Xinyi Lin & Wallin, Gabriel & Chen, Yunxiao & Moustaki, Irini, 2023. "Rotation to sparse loadings using Lp losses and related inference problems," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 118349, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.

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