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Community-based disaster risk and vulnerability models of a coastal municipality in Bangladesh

Author

Listed:
  • Md. Islam
  • Md. Malak
  • M. Islam

Abstract

Bangladesh is one of the most natural hazard-prone countries in the world with the greatest negative consequences being associated with cyclones, devastating floods, riverbank erosion, drought, earthquake, and arsenic contamination, etc. One way or other, these natural hazards engulfed every corner of Bangladesh. The main aim of this research paper is to carry out a multi-hazards risk and vulnerability assessment for the coastal Matlab municipality in Bangladesh and to recommend possible mitigation measures. To this aim, hazards are prioritized by integrating SMUG and FEMA models, and a participation process is implemented so as to involve community both in the risk assessment and in the identification of adaptation strategies. The Matlab municipality is highly vulnerable to several natural hazards such as cyclones, floods, and riverbank erosion. The SMUG is a qualitative assessment, while FEMA is a quantitative assessment of hazards. The FEMA model suggests a threshold of highest 100 points. All hazards that total more than 100 points may receive higher priority in emergency preparedness and mitigation measures. The FEMA model, because it judges each hazard individually in a numerical manner, may provide more satisfying results than the SMUG system. The spatial distributions of hazard, risk, social institutions, land use, and other resources indicate that the flood disaster is the top environmental problem of Matlab municipality. Hazard-specific probable mitigation measures are recommended with the discussion of local community. Finally, this study tries to provide insights into the way field research combining scientific assessments tools such as SMUG and FEMA could feed evidence-based decision-making processes for mitigation in vulnerable communities. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2013

Suggested Citation

  • Md. Islam & Md. Malak & M. Islam, 2013. "Community-based disaster risk and vulnerability models of a coastal municipality in Bangladesh," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 69(3), pages 2083-2103, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:nathaz:v:69:y:2013:i:3:p:2083-2103
    DOI: 10.1007/s11069-013-0796-6
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    1. M. Islam & Mehedi Hasan, 2016. "Climate-induced human displacement: a case study of Cyclone Aila in the south-west coastal region of Bangladesh," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 81(2), pages 1051-1071, March.
    2. M. Rezaul Islam & Mehedi Hasan, 2016. "Climate-induced human displacement: a case study of Cyclone Aila in the south-west coastal region of Bangladesh," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 81(2), pages 1051-1071, March.
    3. Mohammad Zahangeer Alam & Md Manjurul Haque & Mimi Talukdar & Md Moniruzzaman & Joan Halsey & Alex R Crump & Md Abdul Qayum & Hasan Mohammad Abdullah Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agroforestry , 2018. "Effect of Natural Disasters and their Coping Strategies in the Kuakata Coastal Belt of Patuakhali Bangladesh," International Journal of Environmental Sciences & Natural Resources, Juniper Publishers Inc., vol. 14(4), pages 105-119, September.
    4. Muhammad Ziaul Hoque & Shenghui Cui & Lilai Xu & Imranul Islam & Jianxiong Tang & Shengping Ding, 2019. "Assessing Agricultural Livelihood Vulnerability to Climate Change in Coastal Bangladesh," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(22), pages 1-21, November.
    5. Md Lamiur Raihan & Kenichiro Onitsuka & Mrittika Basu & Natsuki Shimizu & Satoshi Hoshino, 2020. "Rapid Emergence and Increasing Risks of Hailstorms: A Potential Threat to Sustainable Agriculture in Northern Bangladesh," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-18, June.
    6. Soumen Ghosh & Biswaranjan Mistri, 2023. "Cyclone-induced coastal vulnerability, livelihood challenges and mitigation measures of Matla–Bidya inter-estuarine area, Indian Sundarban," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 116(3), pages 3857-3878, April.
    7. Yunjia Ma & Sijia Chen & Kaiwen Zhang & Yumeng Yang, 2022. "Temporal and Spatial Pattern Evolution and Influencing Factors of the National Comprehensive Disaster-Reduction Demonstration Community in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-16, November.

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