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Distinct impacts of high intensity caregiving on caregivers’ mental health and continuation of caregiving

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  • Narimasa Kumagai

    (Kindai University)

Abstract

Although high-intensity caregiving has been found to be associated with a greater prevalence of mental health problems, little is known about the specifics of this relationship. This study clarified the burden of informal caregivers quantitatively and provided policy implications for long-term care policies in countries with aging populations. Using data collected from a nationwide five-wave panel survey in Japan, I examined two causal relationships: (1) high-intensity caregiving and mental health of informal caregivers, and (2) high-intensity caregiving and continuation of caregiving. Considering the heterogeneity in high-intensity caregiving among informal caregivers, control function model which allows for heterogeneous treatment effects was used. This study uncovered three major findings. First, hours of caregiving was found to influence the continuation of high-intensity caregiving among non-working informal caregivers and irregular employees. Specifically, caregivers who experienced high-intensity caregiving (20–40 h) tended to continue with it to a greater degree than did caregivers who experienced ultra-high-intensity caregiving (40 h or more). Second, high-intensity caregiving was associated with worse mental health among non-working caregivers, but did not have any effect on the mental health of irregular employees. The control function model revealed that caregivers engaging in high-intensity caregiving who were moderately mentally healthy in the past tended to have serious mental illness currently. Third, non-working caregivers did not tend to continue high-intensity caregiving for more than three years, regardless of co-residential caregiving. This is because current high-intensity caregiving was not associated with the continuation of caregiving when I included high-intensity caregiving provided during the previous period in the regression. Overall, I noted distinct impacts of high-intensity caregiving on the mental health of informal caregivers and that such caregiving is persistent among non-working caregivers who experienced it for at least a year. Supporting non-working intensive caregivers as a public health issue should be considered a priority.

Suggested Citation

  • Narimasa Kumagai, 2017. "Distinct impacts of high intensity caregiving on caregivers’ mental health and continuation of caregiving," Health Economics Review, Springer, vol. 7(1), pages 1-14, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:hecrev:v:7:y:2017:i:1:d:10.1186_s13561-017-0151-9
    DOI: 10.1186/s13561-017-0151-9
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    3. Liu, Xiaoqian & Whetten, Kathryn & Prose, Neil S. & Eagle, David & Parnell, Heather E. & Amanya, Cyrilla & Vann, Vanroth & Dubie, Misganaw Eticha & Kaza, Venkata Gopala Krishna & Tzudir, Senti & Proes, 2020. "Enjoyment and meaning in daily activities among caregivers of orphaned and separated children in four countries," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 116(C).
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    5. Sharon Anderson & Jasneet Parmar & Tanya L’Heureux & Bonnie Dobbs & Lesley Charles & Peter George J. Tian, 2022. "Family Caregiving during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Canada: A Mediation Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(14), pages 1-15, July.
    6. Wilfried Guets, 2021. "Does the formal home care provided to old-adults persons affect utilisation of support services by informal carers? An analysis of the French CARE and the U.S. NHATS/NSOC surveys," Working Papers halshs-03115306, HAL.
    7. Wilfried Guets, 2021. "Does the formal home care provided to old-adults persons affect utilisation of support services by informal carers? An analysis of the French CARE and the U.S. NHATS/NSOC surveys," Working Papers 2105, Groupe d'Analyse et de Théorie Economique Lyon St-Étienne (GATE Lyon St-Étienne), Université de Lyon.
    8. Le, Duc Dung & Ibuka, Yoko, 2023. "Understanding the effects of informal caregiving on health and well-being: Heterogeneity and mechanisms," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 317(C).
    9. Rong Fu & Dung Le & Yoko Ibuka, 2023. "The impact of contracting formal care benefits on caregivers fwell-being: evidence from Japan," Keio-IES Discussion Paper Series 2023-005, Institute for Economics Studies, Keio University.
    10. María Lisseth Morales Aliaga & Tomoko Ito & Takehiro Sugiyama & Timothy Bolt & Nanako Tamiya, 2021. "Association between Having Cancer and Psychological Distress among Family Caregivers Using Three Years of a Nationwide Survey Data in Japan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(19), pages 1-11, October.

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